533 



Hyalopierus pnmi, F,, occasionally does considerable damage, but 

 is usually less harmful than A. pnmi. It generally appears about 

 midsummer on the underside of the leaves. It does not cause curling 

 of the leaves, but secretes abundant honeydew, which may damage 

 the leaves and fruit. It is characterised by its light green colour, 

 waxy secretion, and late appearance. It attacks various kinds of 

 plum, greengage, damson, peach, nectarine, apricot, and other 

 species of Prumis. It also probably lives on reeds and grasses. Its 

 life-history has not been followed in this country, but in Russia and 

 in the United States it spends the winter and early summer on plums 

 and the remaining months on reeds. The best control wash is said to 

 be paraffin emulsion with liver of sulphur, washes which do not penetrate 

 the waxy secretion being ineffective. 



The hop-damson aphis (Phorodon humuli var. mahaleh) is found 

 chiefly on damson, but may occur on other plums. Eggs are laid on 

 damsons in autumn, producing forms in early spring which live for 

 three to five generations on the damsons. Towards the end of May, 

 cringed forms appear which migrate to hops, returning to damsons in 

 the autumn. Similar control measures may be used for this species as 

 for A. pruni. 



The following spray formulae are given : — Lime wash : Ten to 

 twenty pounds of quick-lime to ten gallons of water. Lime-sulphur 

 may be used in place of plain lime wash. Nicotine wash : — Nicotine, 

 98 per cent, f-1 oz. ; soft soap, |-1 lb ; water, 10 gallons. Paraffin 

 emulsion : — ^Paraffin, one pint ; soft soap, one pound ; liver of 

 sulphur, two ounces ; water, ten gallons. Unless completely emulsified, 

 paraffin emulsion is liable to scorch delicate foliage. 



Smith (H. S.). Progress of the Sicilian Mealybug Parasite. — Mfhly. 

 Bull. Cal. Slate Commiss. Hortic, Sacramento, vol. v, no. 9, 

 September 1916, pp. 349-350. 



This report confirms the ability of Paraleptomastix abnormis, the 

 Sicilian mealybug parasite, to live and thrive in California [see this 

 Revieiv, iv, Ser. A, p. 51], though time is necessary before the insect 

 becomes sufficiently numerous to be of practical importance. 



Smith (H, S.). Recent Ladybird Introductions. — Mthlij. Bull. Cal. 

 State Commiss. Hortic, Saaramento, vol. v, no. 9, September 1916, 

 p. 350. 



During the past two months, two beneficial species of Coccinellids from 

 Japan have been colonised in California. One of these is predaceous on 

 Coccids and the other on Aphids, the former being Chilocorus similis. 

 An attempt made several years ago to introduce this species into 

 America apparently failed. It is said to feed principally on the San 

 Jose scale [Aspidiotus perniciosus], but will feed on all Coccids, and has 

 a preference for the Diaspinae. The second Coccinellid has been 

 identified as Ptychanatis oxyridis, which feeds voraciously on all 

 species of Aphids. 



