MOSQUITOS OF THE PALAEARCTIC REGION. 289 



Distribution. — Throughout Europe, but probably commoner in the north than 

 in the south, where it seems to be largely replaced by T. longiareolata ; extending 

 into Palestine (Jerusalem, Dr. Goldbtrs;) and North Africa (Biskra, Algeria, Eversmann ; 

 etc.). Has not yet been found further east, but is represented in the United States 

 by an allied species. A female in the Berlin Museum is labelled " Ural, Eversmann.'' 



5. Theobaldia (Theobaldia) subochrea, £dw. 



Theohaldia annnlata var. subochrea, Edwards in Wesenberg-Lund, Danske Vid. 

 Selsk. Skr., Nat. Math. Afd. (8) vii, p. 198 (1921). 



Theobaldia subochrea, Edwards, Ent. Tidsk. p. 50 (1921). 



? Culex penetrans, Robineau-Desvoidy, Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris, iii, p. 407 

 (1828). 



Though structurally identical with T. annulata, this differs so conspicuously and 

 sharply in coloration that it must be regarded as a distinct species, especially as it 

 is not confined (as was at first thought) to desert areas, and its coloration therefore 

 cannot be purely adaptive. The differences from T. annulata are as follows : — • 



Mesonotum with the integument lighter, the scales almost uniformly reddish brown. 

 Abdomen almost uniformly ochreous, the dark broMoi scales of T. annulata being 

 replaced by light ochreous brown, and the white ones by almost the same colour. 

 Whitish lateral patches, however, remain at the base of each segment, and the basal 

 segmental bands, as well as the median line of the second segment, can be faintly 

 made out on account of their slightly lighter colour. Leg-markings as in T. annulata, 

 but somewhat less conspicuous owing to the dark parts being somewhat lighter. 

 Wing-spots very faint, the scales being less densely aggregated than in T. annulata ; 

 in the male the spotting of the wmg is scarcely perceptible at all. 



The larva, so far as I can see, is absolutely identical with that of T. annulata. 



Robineau-Desvoidy's description of C. penetrans applies in many respects to this 

 species, but he states that the third joint of the middle tarsi of the male is bristly, 

 which if true, is very remarkable. The type being lost, C. penetrans may be left 

 as a possible synonym of T. subochrea. 



Distribution. — I have examined specimens from the following places : — Meso- 

 potamia (Basra, Capt. P. J. Barraud ; a series including the type male) ; Persia 

 (Ghilan, 950 m., Calhors, /. de Morgan) ; Palestine (Jerusalem, Dr. Goldberg) ; 

 Macedonia (Hadji Geul, Capt. J. Water ston) ; Denmark (brackish-water swamp 

 near Copenhagen, Dr. C. Wesenberg-Lund) ; England (Earl's Court, London, W. J. 

 Pendlebury) . In Mesopotamia this was the only form found ;" in the other countries 

 T. annulata was found in the same localities. 



Subgenus Culicella, Felt. 



6. Theobaldia (Culicella) morsitans (Theobald). 



Culex morsitans, Theobald, Mon. Cul. ii, p. 8 (1901). 



? Culex flavirostris, Meigen, Syst. Beschr. vi, p. 242 (1830). 



Apart from the characters mentioned in the key, this species can generally be 

 distinguished from T. fumipennis by its shghtly smaller size, by the more slender 

 and rather less hairy male palpi, and by the absence of distinct A-shaped black 

 marks on the abdominal sternites in both sexes. I at one time considered that the 

 North American T. dyari (Coq.) might be synonymous, but Dr. H. G. Dyar informs 

 me that the two are distinct by hypopygial characters. 



Meigen's statements concerning the proboscis and palpi of his C. flavirostris 

 (male) might possibly be taken as indicating this species, but he says " Fiisse ganz 

 braun," which presumably excludes it. Like the great majority of Meigen's names, 

 C. flavirostris is unrecognisable. 



The larva varies in colour, but is usually dark brown or blackish. 



