290 F. W. EDWARDS. 



Distribution. — Throughout Europe, from Britain and France to Finland (Sam- 

 matti, Sahlberg ; Kuusto, Lnndstrom), Petrograd {S in coll. B. Lichtwardt) and 

 Macedonia. Not yet known froni North Africa or Asia. 



7. Theobaldia (Culicella) fumipennis (Steph.) (fig. 5c). 



Culex fumipennis, Stephens, Zool. Journ. i, p. 453 (1825). 



Culex ficalhii. Noe, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. xxxi, p. 238 (1899). 



Culicada theohaldi, de Meijere, Tijd. v. Ent. liv, p. 142 (1911). 



Distinguished by the characters mentioned in the keys and under T. morsitans. 



The larva, apart from the conspicuous structural differences in the siphon, may 

 generally (perhaps always) be distinguished in life from that of T. morsitans by its 

 pale yellowish green colour. Both species are mainly bottom feeders and are generally 

 found in shallow, weedy, stagnant water. 



Distribution.— ThxovL^howi Europe, except perhaps in the far north. The 

 material I have examined shows a range from Scotland and France to Sweden and 

 Macedonia. 



Genus Orthopodomyia, Theo. 



This genus is well characterised in the larval state by the absence of a pecten 

 on the siphon and the development, in the fourth-stage larva, of dorsal chitinous 

 plates on the sixth, seventh and eighth segments of the abdomen. These two 

 characters together will distinguish the genus from all other mosquitos. In addition 

 there are some small peculiarities, such as the development of reddish pigment in 

 the body of the larva, and the very long single lateral hairs on the thorax and 

 abdomen. The adult characters are not very well marked, the most obvious being : 

 (1) the presence of only two pro-epimeral bristles ; (2) the small number of bristles 

 on the pre-alar prominence of the pleurae ; there are five or six in 0. pulchripalpis, 

 but the number is reduced to one or none in the tropical species, while in Culex, 

 Aedes, Theobaldia and Taeniorhynchus there are 12 or more ; (3) the length of the 

 first front tarsal joint, which in both sexes is distinctly longer than the remaining 

 four together, while in most other mosquitos it is only about as long ; (4) the rather 

 long and stout antennae of the male, all the joints being longer than usual ; (5) the 

 short fourth joint of the front and middle tarsi of the female, which is much shorter 

 than the fifth, and like that of the male, scarcely any longer than broad. The very 

 long fork-cells and the long first hind tarsal joint are also noticeable. The hypopygial 

 structure is practically the same as in Theobaldia (subgenus Culicella). 



1. Orthopodomyia pulchripalpis (Rondani). 



Culex pulchripalpis, Rondani, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. iv, p. 31 (1872). 



Orthopodomyia albionensis, MacGregor, Journ. R.A.M.C. p. 451 (1919). 



The beautiful pattern of narrow, pure white lines on the deep black thorax is not 

 to be seen in any other species known from the Palaearctic region, though confusion 

 might be possible with some Himalayan species of Aedes, such as A. pseiidotaeniatus. 

 The entirelv white terminal joint of "'the male palpi, and the rather long female palpi 

 (nearly half as long as the proboscis), will distinguish it from all such species, without 

 reference to the generic characters. The North American 0. signifer (Coq.) is very 

 closely alHed, being structurally identical, but differing in having scattered white 

 scales on the wings, especially a patch of white scales in the middle of the wing over 

 the cross- veins. The Oriental species are very differently coloured. 



In Ficalbi's redescription of Rondani's types he does not definitely describe the 

 thorax, but refers to the mesonotal scales as " giallo-ottono ? " I therefore at first 

 considered that the British and Italian forms could not be the same. However, 



