300 F. W. EDWARDS. 



shape of the basal lobes of the side-pieces of the male hypopygium. The variation 

 in the thorax is in the direction of the reduction of the white scales, which are 

 occasionally absent, especially in the male sex, where the reduction of the white lines 

 is often accompanied by a more or less pronounced bleaching of all the mesonotal 

 scales. There seems to be a slight difference between the north and south European 

 forms in coloration, the Mediterranean type being lighter than the north European, 

 and also somewhat smaller. The difference, however, is quite indefinite, and I see 

 no necessity for the maintenance of a varietal name. Theobald's G. longisquamosa 

 was evidently described from an extremely pale specimen. The variety hargreavesi, 

 Edwards (Bull. Ent. Res. x, p. 130, 1920), seems to be well distinguished by having 

 all the scales of the female mesonotum white ; it is, however, known from only a 

 very few rather imperfect specimens. 



There are two main generations in the year (in June and September), and the 

 species is often abundant enough to cause serious annoyance. It will often migrate 

 some miles from its breeding-places (a habit common to most salt-marsh species), 

 and is the only Ae'des in the European fauna which commonly enters houses. The 

 adults are not known to hibernate, but Dr. Langeron captured a female at Gabes in 

 January 1919. 



The larvae show the reduction in the size of the anal gills which is commonly 

 seen in salt and brackish-water species, but they are by no means confined to saline 

 waters, the species often spreading far up the courses of the larger rivers, breeding 

 in open meadows. It may be that specimens from fresher water have longer gills, 

 as these organs certainly vary in length in this species. English specimens which 

 I have examined agree with Martini's description in having the gills about two-thirds 

 as long as the saddle, while Capt. Barraud's Mesopotamian specimens agree with 

 Wesenberg-Lund's description in having gills only about one-third as long as the 

 saddle. 



Distribution. — European and Mediterranean coasts ; Central European plain, and 

 eastwards to the Gobi desert ; desert regions of North Africa ; Palestine ; Persian 

 Gulf ; Punjab, as far inland as Rawalpindi. Apparently does not extend into 

 North America. Since the species has been so much confused with A. dorsalis, it 

 may be worth while to record some of the specimens I have examined from different 

 museums: Denmark (near Copenhagen, Wesenberg-Lund ; Finland (Kuusto, 

 Lundstrom) ; France (Bourg la Reine, Langeron) ; Germany (Usedom, Sulldorf, 

 Litchwardt coll.) ; Austria (Vienna, Handlirsch ; Carniola, Loitsch) ; Hungary 

 (Neusiedler See, Handlirsch; Hortobagy, Kertesz ; Csepel, Bartko ; Fehertelep, 

 Ujhelyi ; Iszak, Uhl ; Torda, Bird) ; Italy (Mehadia, Livorno, Spalato, Mann) ; 

 Roumania (Tultscha, Mann) ; Constantinople {Paris Mus.) ; Asia Minor 

 (Fregli, Tskehir, Kara, Lendl) ; Palestine (Jerusalem, Goldberg) ; West Caspian 

 (" Lenkoran bis Elizabetpol, 1-2 Aug. Nachts. Schrecktl. Miicken-plage," Berlin 

 Mus.) ; Transcaspia (Aschabad, Firudza, Tedjin and Kopet Dagh, C. Ahnger) ; Gobi 

 Desert (Cha Tcheou, Marais de Pa-hou-lian, Dr. L. Vaillant). 



2. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) dorsalis (Meigen) [nee Theobald et al.) (fig. 8 b). 



Culex dorsalis, Meigen, Syst. Beschr. vi, p. 242 (1830). 



Culex mactdiventris, Macquart, Dipt. Exot. Supp. i, p. 7 (1846). 



Culex curriei, Coquillett, Can. Ent. xxxiii, p. 259 (1901). 



Ctdex onondagensis, Felt, N.Y. State Mus. Bull. 79, p. 278 (1904). 



Grabhamia broquettii, Theobald, Entomologist, xlvi, p. 179 (1913). 



Aedes grahami, Ludlow, Insecutor Inscitiae, vii, p. 154 (1920). 



Doubt has been expressed by Wesenberg-Lund whether this is really distnict 

 from A . caspius, but I still believe that the characters I have adduced are sufficient 

 for the separation of the two, though it must be admitted that they are both variable 

 species with entirely similar habits, and that they are frequently found together. 



