420 HELICID^. 



cter varies from one sixth to three sixths of an inch, aiid the form 

 from sub-globular in small sj)ecimcns to a very flattened shape in 

 the larger. The coloring exhibits every shade, from light amber to 

 dark chestnut. The whorls of some revolve about the axis at such 

 a distance as to leave a deep and wide umbilicus Qmonodun) ; while 

 in others they are in such near approximation as to permit only a 

 small perforation, which the narrow, reflected peristome is suf- 

 ficiently wide to cover (^fraterna). The hairy projections of the 

 epidermis are most distinct upon the young shells, but are often 

 wanting at every stage of growth. The oblique strias are so fine as 

 hardly to be visible ; and in some instances the shell appears to be 

 glabrous. Very beautiful specimens, about one fourth of an inch in 

 diameter, with a dark, shining epidermis and open umbilicus, occur 

 m Ohio, Indiana, Iowa, and Michigan. They are more convex, and, 

 as the same number of volutions is contained in half the space, they 

 appear to have more whorls than the common variety. Some per- 

 sons have considered these to form a distinct species {H. Leaii, 

 Ward, MS.) ; but I do not see that they can, with propriety, be 

 separated. 



Helix palliata. 



Shell depressed, thin, hairy ; aperture three-lobed, contracted, two teeth on in- 

 ner marp-in of peristome, and curved tooth on parietal wall; whorls five; peris- 

 tome reflected ; umbilicus closed. 



IIcllx palliata, Say, Journ. Phila. Acad. ii. 152 (1821) ; Binney's cd. 10. — Binney, 

 Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. iii. 353, pi. 7 (1840); Terr. Moll. ii. 1.36, part, pi. 14.— 

 Adams, Vermont Moll. 159 (1842). — Leidy, Terr. Moll. U. S. i. •i.'iS, pi. 7, fig. 8, 

 anat. (1851). -De Kay, N. Y. Moll. 33, pi. 3, fig. 36 (cxcl. a, b) (1843), cxcl. syn. 

 part. — Pfeiffer. Mon. Hel. Viv. i. 316 ; in Chemnitz, 2d cd. i. 359, pi. 62, figs. 

 15, 16 (1849). — Mrs. Gray, Fig. Moll. An. pi. 193, fig. 8, ex Bost. Journ. (no 

 tlescr.). — Destiayes, in Per. i. 144 (excl. var.). — Peeve, Con. Icon. No. 678. — 

 W. G. Binney, Terr. Moll. iv. 56. — Bland, Ann. Lye. N. Y. vii. 441. — Mouse, 

 Am. Nat. i. 150, figs. 10, 11 (1867). 



Helix denotata, Ferussac, Tab. Syst. 38 (1822), no descr. : Hist. pi. 11 a, fig. 5; pi. 50 n, 

 fig. 7. — Desiiayes, in Lamarck, viii. 115 ; 3d etl. iii. 309. 



Helix notata, Deshayes, Encyc. Mc'th. ii. 224 (1830). 



Xolotrcma palliata, Tryon, Am. Journ. Conch, iii. 49, pi. 9, fig. 4 (1867). 



Shell with the umbilicus closed, thin, depressed ; epidermis dark 

 brown or chestnut color, and rough with minute, acute projections 

 and stiff hairs ; whorls five, flattened above and rounded below, with 

 numerous very fine, oblique stride ; aperture three-lobed, much con- 

 tracted by the peristome and teeth ; peristome white, sometimes 



