‘ gy 
situated at the base of the last foothills of the Bolivian Andes. 
The immediate country about this village is low and flat, except 
for the contiguous mountains to the southwest. The village itself 
lies at about 800 feet elevation. To the east and slightly north 
about 20 miles lies a park-like country of pampa and forest clumps, 
while still farther on one meets the pampa—a continuation of the 
Argentine pampa. To the northwest, about 80 miles, lies another 
stretch of pampa and park-like country, but this pampa region, 
although considerable in area, seems to be surrounded by forests. 
To both these regions we made collecting expeditions—in the 
easterly direction about fifty miles to Lake Rogoagua, on the shores 
of which we camped and collected for about a month. The pampa 
country in its broad general aspect reminded me of our western 
prairies, though, of course, the plants were different. But the 
gnarled, twisted limbs and trunks of Curatella Americana, with its 
broad, rough leaves, easily passed, at a distance, for the scrub oaks 
of our plains. There were palms in groups here and there, though 
they were by no means a dominant note in the landscape. Ground 
orchids were plentiful and nine species were collected. A small 
species of Zamua, related to the more familiar “sago palm (Cycas), 
from the stems of which the Indians secure a starch, is common 
around the edges of the tree “islands.” In the marshes one sees 
acres of a handsome yellow canna. Water lilies are common. 
Pools and ponds are often completely surfaced with floating Sal- 
vinia and the miniature fern-like Azolla. Water hyacinths (Eich- 
ornia) abound, as do also members of the arrowhead family. A 
few days farther north and east the Victoria regia occurs. On 
the drier uplands, grasses are said to be numerous, although the 
principal species I saw in bloom was probably Sporobolus indicus. 
Grasses of the genus Andropogon were not uncommon, especially 
in the park-like forest areas. In hard gumbo-clay areas, around 
patches of a papilionaceous thorn bush, portulacas and cacti of 
several species were in bloom. On the moist boggy banks of cer- 
tain marshes one walked over carpets of a purple-flowered ally of 
our snapdragons. In the forest swamps arums and certain species 
of orchids were common. 
Pampa transportation is by means of springless, grease-hungry, 
two-wheeled oxcarts, the huge solid wheels cut from a cross-section 
