Toxicoscordion paniculatum (Nutt.) Rydb. - W&W, ZomleferOl, Zomlefer02, SFW 

 [Helonias paniculata Nuttall] - FNA 

 [Zigadenus paniculatus (Nutt.) S. Watson] - DornOl, FNA, HDH, IMF, KTZ, UTF, W 



Explanation: Toxicoscordion paniculatum is accepted by W&W (Weber & Wittmann) 

 and other indicated sources. The two references of Zomlefer indicate where detailed 

 taxonomic data are published to support this combination. FNA recognizes this taxon 

 under the genus Zigadenus, but also lists Helonias as a synonym for that genus. FNA 

 also recognizes the name Toxicoscordion paniculatum but only as a synonym. It is 

 important to stress that for full interpretation of the names and bracketed synonyms the 

 user should consult the cited sources to see exactly how the name is treated by each 

 author. 



Example 2 : 



Several species oiCryptantha (Boragmaceae) have the generic name Kryniizkia indicated 

 as a synonym, which are attributed to UT3. In this case, UT3 was the first source we 

 found (although not necessarily the first source published) in which Kryniizkia is 

 recognized as a generic synonym. However, UT3 does not recognize Kryniizkia as a 

 valid genus. Again, users should consult each source to fully interpret our indications of 

 synonymy. 



Note: The authoritative confirmation of names in synonymy is one of the most time- 

 intensive tasks in systematics, and can be done with confidence only when all type 

 specimens are seen by a single author during a comprehensive revision or monograph of a 

 given genus. 



vi) Some author abbreviations have been standardized herein even though different Floras 

 have used them differently. For example, B. L. Robinson has been spelled out in full in 

 our region or abbreviated as B. L. Robin., B. L. Robins., or B. L. Rob. 1 have not 

 generally made new entries under the synonymy of a given taxon if the only difference 

 was minor variations of abbreviating author(s), although this was done previously (e.g., 

 Snow04a). 



3. Braces {} indicate taxa and synonyms credited to the Southern Rockies that remain 



unsubstantiated, erroneous, or which may be expected given their proximity in adjacent 

 states. The symbols < > enclosing one or more two-letter postal codes (e.g., <KS, OK>) 

 indicate states contiguous to the Southern Rockies where a taxon has been documented if not 

 attributed to our region by other sources (primarily Flora of North America [FNA] or the 

 "Synthesis" [KTZ]). 



4. Endemic includes taxa that may range beyond the SRMR within the states of NM or W Y, but 



excludes taxa in adjacent states. Designations of endemism herein should not be taken as 

 authoritative: additional confirmation is needed in many instances, and expanded ranges in 

 adjacent states beyond our region are found frequently. 



i.N. Jiiiuiiin iUO'l ( lucklisi of Viisiruliij I 'I mils ill I 111 1 Southern Kucki \ 



