207 
5. Georges P. L. Durivault, “Jardinier en Chef de la Ville” 
(1921-1935). Conservateur du Jardin des Plantes, Parcs, 
et Promenade (Dec. 31, 1935- Ne 
Serves as a public park. Open free, daily in summer, 6 a.m— 
8 :30 p.m.; in winter, 7 a.m—to sunset. The greenhouses are open 
to the public twice a week and at the time of flower shows. Source 
of income: Municipal Budget. Library: More than 500 volumes, 
plus the library of the Director (1000 volumes). Herbarium: 
Local Flora: 1800 species (total 2368 specimens). Arboretum: 
361 species. Fruticetum: 300 shrubs. They are classified system- 
atically (De Candolle system). Publication: Seed List. Mu- 
seum: Small collection of wax fruits, herbaria of Dr. Ecorchard and 
of a local nurseryman. Open free. 
NOGENT-SUR-VERNISSON (LOIRET) 
ARBORETUM DES BARRES ET FRUTICETUM VILMORINIANUM 
Established: 1866 (Arboretum), 1894 (Fruticetum). Arca: 170 
acres. 
This institution is said to have the most complete collection of 
trees and shrubs in France, 
ORLEANS (LOIRET) 
JARDIN DES PLANTES 
Established: 1640, by the Société des Apothicaires on the site 
of the fortifications of Saint-Laurent. It was flourishing in 1680. 
Subsequently the physicians and surgeons of Orléans established 
another garden on the Rue du Four-a-Chaux. In 1720 Lambert 
de Cambray described a large number of plants of the environs of 
Orléans; his manuscript is still in the library of the Garden. 
In 1760 the “ Jardin botanique des Apothécaires,”’ which had 
been neglected, was renovated and greenhouses were built. In 
1781 after the foundation of the ‘“‘ Académie des Sciences phy- 
siques et naturelles” at Orléans, the botanic garden was placed 
under the direction of the Academy, which held its meetings at 
the Garden. At this time the “ principal director was Couret de 
Villeneuve (b. at Orléans, 29 June, 1749, d. at Gent, 20 January, 
1806). He left Orléans about 1800 or 1801 to become director 
of the Garden at Gent, Belgium (q.v.). His “ collaborator’ was 
