52 
years—and these have been fine specimens—have been formed in 
the burs pollinated by us. In the case of the Volk trees, several 
ose proximity, and consequently 
— 
individuals are growing in fairly ¢ 
splendid yields of nuts are the result. 
Dr. A. B. Stout? calls the periodicity in the maturation of the 
staminate and pistillate flowers of the chestnut a case of duodt- 
chogamy. le says: “In flower behavior, chestnuts exhibit a 
double dichogamy or a duo-dichogamy. The lower catkins on 
the flowering branches bear only staminate flowers and these ma- 
ture first in the season of bloom. ‘The pistillate flowers at the base 
of younger catkins above are next to bloom, and still later there 
is maturity of another set of staminate flowers borne on the same 
catkins with the pistillate flowers. Thus there are for the tree 
as a whole two end-season periods of pollen-shedding and a mid- 
period with the maturity of the pistillate flowers.” 
In Fig. 3 the lower catkins are shedding their crop of pollen. 
The pistillate flowers are presumably not yet mature, and the later 
crop of stamens above them is still in bud. To determine whether 
the pistillate flowers can be fertilized by the first crop of pollen, 
two flower clusters on the Minturn tree were pollinated, using this 
pollen, but the results were negative. ‘This experiment will be 
— 
carried out on a more extensive scale in further work. Pollination 
with the later crop of pollen should also be tried, as well as the 
testing of both crops of pollen in the laboratory for viability. The 
maturation of the two crops of pollen is not always as clear-cut as 
ig. 3 would seem to indicate. [examination of the figure with a 
hand lens will reveal several stamens already out on one of the 
upper catkins. During late July, in August, and even in Septem- 
ber, stray staminate flowers can be found occasionally on the trees. 
It is possible that such irregularity may be connected with the 
— 
ripening of a few nuts on the isolated trees. 
Seedling Chestnuts Planted in 1931.—Two plantings of seedling 
chestnuts were made during 1931, on land belonging to the writer 
at Hamden, Conn., as follows: 
1. On April 17, thirty-two seedlings grown in the Garden con- 
1 Stout, A. B. The pollination problem in nut-bearing trees, Rept. of 
Proc. of 20th Ann. Meeting, Northern Nut Growers Assn., pp. 64-69. 
