180 
scratches and grooves caused by the rubbing of the transported 
boulders against the bedrock, and these striations and grooves are 
parallel, not only to themselves, but also to the direction in which 
the ice is known to have moved (Migs. 9, 10 and 11). 
Pig. Il. Glacial boule 
showing glacial striae and bronze tablet. (6931) 
Pu 
er in the Rock Garden, Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 
A Tell-tale Soil 
The soil in a glaciated region les wnconformably on the under- 
Iving bedrock; it was obviously not formed by the disintegration 
of the latter, but has been brought from elsewhere and deposited 
where we now find it, taking the place of the original soil of dis- 
integration which had been previously scraped off and removed; 
the transition from soil to rock is abrupt (Fig. 12). 
In a non-glaciated region the transition from bedrock to soil 
is gradual; the soil was formed by the disintegration of the rock 
lying beneath, and is hence composed of the same materials as 
