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trees also give to the Japanese the pleasure of a miniature landscape 
panorama, and beautiful trained specimens create a similitude of an 
ancient arbor. There are four seasons of the year in which potted 
trees are especially in evidence. In various cities in Japan Hachi- 
uye dealers display many hundreds of specimens in vast gardens 
Fic. 3, Hiba (Chamaecyparis obtusa). This specimen is in a Seiji 
porcelain flower pot. The specimen is about fifty years old. The dwarf 
Hiba is very much admired in Japan, as it is one feature of the tree to con- 
vey the idea of an ancient arbor. (61 9) 
for their clients to select from. Collectors of the plants are very 
numerous, among them being men of rank and letters, politicians, 
merchants, and others. Some collections are extremely valuable, 
frequently being sold for many thousands of dollars. 
The varieties of trees used for potted specimens are very nu- 
merous. Many species of pine, cedar, hiba, oak, plum, wisteria, 
maple, cherry, gingko, azalea ivy, bamboo, and shrubs are very 
popular. In Tokio and other places there are often beautiful ex- 
