50 
pay the wages of a man from April to August inclusive, also to 
pay for plowing and harrowing, and for fertilizer, clover seed, 
jaar 
and various materials. Two of the plantations had been main- 
tained under fairly clean cultivation for several years, but erosion 
had taken a considerable toll of the good soil during the past two 
years, especially during the winter rains. We therefore made a 
sowing, about May 1, of red clover, for a permanent ground 
cover; and, at the same time, we applied a light dressing of chemi- 
cal fertilizer, 5-9-5, Le. 5 parts nitrogen, 9 parts phosphorus, 
and 5 potash. The extra heavy application of phosphorus was 
made with a view to improving nut development. There has been 
some improvement in the growth rates, perhaps as a result of 
the fertilizer. Our other three plantations are in sod land. In 
two of them the trees are spaced 15 feet apart; in the third, which 
is devoted entirely to trees coming from “natural”? or open 
pollinations, the trees are 6 feet apart. These different methods 
of culture have been adopted for experimental purposes. We 
have also a few trees growing in the woods, in the shade of tall 
trees—oak, maple, beech, ete. Altogether, our five plantations 
occupy now about 6 acres. 
Spring cankerworms were again very destructive, and the war 
against them occupied much of our time in May and June, but 
peace was declared about June 15.) The war against the leaf 
sucking lice began in July, a little earlier than usual, perhaps on 
account of the drought. The first spraying with nicotine sulphate 
came on July 13, with a second soon after, on July 16. The trees 
were sprayed again on August 8, 10, and 21. We have found that 
if the first spraying is followed up quickly in a day or two with a 
second application, the work is much more effective. 
New Hybrids. 
rom our cross pollinations in 1936, 
— 
lollowing is a list of the hybrid nuts obtained 
Hyprips oF 1936 
All at Hamden, Connecticut 
No.of Nuts 
2 Japanese (crenata, 5 yrs.) crossed with “S58” (10 yrs.) * 
crossed with American (dentata ) 
1 Japanese (crenata, 5 yrs. 
* S8 is the result of a cross made by Dr. Walter Van Fleet of the U.S. 
D. A.; apparently it is a combination of Castanea crenata and C. puniila. 
