278 
March 27, 1792). Antonio Penada was the naturalist of this ex- 
pedition and died in June, 1792. James Britten (Biographical 
Notes XXX.—L. A. Deschamps and F. Noronha Jour. Bot. 41 
282-285. 1903) states that the Spaniards erected a monument 
to their countryman, Dr. Norojfia, ‘in the island of Luzon, near 
Manila, on ground belonging to the royal botanic garedn which . . . 
Dr. Norona had done everything in his power to bring into order, 
and to stock with many valuable plants.” Norofa died in 1787, 
and this is evidence that the botanic garden existed before the 
Malasping Expedition arrived. ‘There is little doubt, says Mer- 
rill, that a monument to Pineda was erected in 1792 in what was 
at that time the Botanic Garden, in the same tract with the Noronha 
monument, “located outside the city of Manila, as the city was 
constituted from 1780 to 1800.” As to when and why this gar- 
den was abandoned we have no record. ‘The area was, after the 
American occupation, the site of the experiment station of the 
Philippine Bureau of Agriculture. 
In 1858 a Botanical Garden was established in Manila within 
the zone of fortifications of the Walled City. Its area was but 
about 5 hectares. The first Director was Francisco Ramos, the 
second, Zoilo Espejo, the third Inocencio Madrigal, none of them 
of any eminence as botanists. In 1873 Domingo Vidal was given 
charge of the gardens in addition to his duties as Director of the 
Forestry Bureau. On his death in 1878, he was succeeded in 
both positions by Sebastian Vidal, who retained the position rin 
his death in 1889. 
‘The garden, as such, never amounted to very much due to fe 
restricted area and unsuitable location. After Vidal’s death no 
attempt was made to develop it, but it was maintained as an In- 
stitution until the American occupation in 1898. Since 1898 
has been maintained as a public park. 
Poland 
CRAKOW 
30TANICAL GARDENS OF THE JAGIELONSKI UNIVERSITY (OGROD 
BoTANICZNY UNIVERSYTETU JAGIELLONSKIEGO) 
Kopernica 27 
Director: Wladystow Szafer (1936). 
