181 
99. Prince, WILLIAM. 
Catalogue of fruit and ornamental trees .. . cultivated at the 
Linnean botanic garden ... Flushing, N. Y. 1823. 
The Prince nursery was one of the earliest and most important 
in America. It is stated that this nursery was the first to intro- 
duce Mahonia into American gardens. 
100. PRINCE, WILLIAM. 
A short treatise on horticulture . . . 1828. 
101. Saussure, NicoLas THEODORE DE. 
Recherches chimiques sur la végétation. (Paris An XII.) 
8 
First edition. 
Saussure established the fact that oxygen is indispensable to 
the life of the plant, and that all parts of the plant, in darkness as 
well as in light, take in oxygen and give off carbon dioxide—that 
is, they respire the same as do animals. 
(Cf. Nos. 41, 92, 97, 98, 108.) 
102. SCHLEIDEN, M. J. 
Beitrage sur Phytogenesis. (1n Beitrige sur Botanik. 1. p. 
121-159, Leipzig, 1844. Reprinted from Muiller’s Archiv, 1838. 
Delo.) 
This is the paper usually cited as having given the suggestion 
and inspiration to Schwann for the elaboration of the epoch- 
making generalization, the cell-theory. Schwann, however, cites 
a paper by Schleiden published in October, 1837. Strange to say, 
the paper which laid the foundation of the cell-theory is largely de- 
voted to “ demonstrating ” two errors of observation, one (page 
149) that cells reproduce by the “ formation of cells within cells ’ 
(not by cell-division as is now known). “ The process of cell- 
formation, which I have just endeavored to describe in detail, is 
that which I have observed in most of the plants which I have in- 
vestigated,”’ says Schleiden. The other error (page 128) is that 
the embryo develops at the tip of the pollen-tube. This is illus- 
trated by numerous careful drawings from nature! Unfortu- 
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