224 
tutes most of the commercial blueberry crop of Maine and Nova 
Scotia. The huckleberry (Gaylussacia baceata), is very abundant 
throughout the barrens, and the Dangleberry (G. frondosa), with 
sour, hght-blue berries on long stalks, ripening late, is fairly com- 
mon in thickets on Long Island, and, according to |¢merson 
(p. 452), “where it is procured in sufficient quantities ©. . it is 
ee for puddings.” A third species of huckleberry (G. duimosa), 
with shghtly prickly fruit, occasional in open bogs on Long Island, 
has sweet juicy berries which are very palatable. Closely related 
to the blueberries and probably of greater importance are the cran- 
berries. “* The berries are gathered in great quantities, and used 
for making tarts and sauce, for which purpose they are superior to 
any other article, especially as they have the advantage of being 
kept without difficulty throughout the winter.” ' The large cran- 
berry (Vaccinium amacrocarpon) is abundant in sandy bogs on 
Long Island and has given rise to the cultivated strains of berries ; 
the small cranberry (1. Oxwycoccus), a more northern species 
known also in Europe and producing very small fruit, appears to 
be restricted to two localities on Long Island. 
Probably, as in other places, there was overwhelming interest 
in wine-making, and the native species of grapes on Long Island 
(chiefly Vitis Labrusca, |’. aestivalis, and I’. cordifolia) were 
undoubtedly utilized for this purpose without crowning success, 
and, if we may judge from the tastes of the Massachusetts colon- 
ists “ the appetite for such wine does not seem perilous.” ? Out of 
these native grapes, however, came eventualy such valuable fruit 
as the Concord, Catawba, and Isabella.‘ This American grape 
is much unlike the European fruit. It is essentially a table fruit, 
whereas the other is a wine fruit. [European writings treat of the 
vine, but American writings speak of grapes.” | Bailey, p. 1.] 
* Emerson, George B. A Report on the Trees and Shrubs Growing Nat- 
urally in the Forests of Massachusetts, p. 406. Boston, 1846. Edition [T. 
Vol. Il, p. 459. Boston, 1875. 
* Batley, Le., p. 2. 
3“ Tt was introduced into New York by Mrs. Isabella Gibbs, of Brooklyn, 
from whom it passed to William Robert Prince, and for whom he named it 
the Isabella. This was the third great American grape in point of  his- 
torical importance, and it is another offshoot of the wild foxgrape, Vitis 
Labrusca.” [| Bailey, Le., p. 66.] 
