32 



numerous bodies of a vegetable nature have been found in several 

 cases in the gut contents. Definite microscopical evidence has been 

 obtained that occasionally flies do imbibe water. 



The proportion of flies infected with trypanosomes varied greatly in 

 different localities ; thus on Damba Island 885 flies were required to 

 infect a monkey, whereas on Bugalla Island over 7,000 were required. 

 Microscopical examinations showed that trypanosomes were twice as 

 frequent in the wild flies on Damba Island as on Bugalla. On Bugalla 

 T. vivax Avas present in 2^2 per cent, of mid flies, thus exceeding 

 T. (jambiense in frequency of occurrence. 



The proportion of the sexes is given for three localities : At Jinja 

 (mainland) 12,773 flies yielded 55*7 per cent females ; on Damba 

 Island over G,000 flies yielded 21 "6 per cent. : and on Bugalla Island 

 in 56,775 flies, 20"6 per cent, were females. In bred flies the sexes 

 are produced in approximately equal numbers. The author thinks 

 that it is possible that female pupae die under natural conditions as a 

 result of variations in temperature, humidity, etc., which do not occur 

 in the laboratory, and that this may account for the high percentage 

 of bred females. 



The prospects of getting rid of Glossina by limiting attention to 

 localised breeding grounds are not good, and the author instances the 

 fact that on Bugalla Island only one locality yielded pupae in any 

 numbers, and then only as many hundreds as the Island of Damba 

 yielded thousands, though flies were, if anything, more numerous on 

 Bugalla than on Damba. Photographs are given of typical sites for 

 the deposition of pupae under fallen trunks and at roots of trees a few 

 yards from the edge of the water and a few feet above it. 



Duke (H. L.). Some Trypanosomes recovered from Wild Game in 

 Western Uganda.— i^e;;/,?. Sleeping Sickness Commiss. Roy. Soc. 

 London, xiv, 1913, pp. 37-59, 1 map, 4 plates. 



These investigations were carried out with a view to obtaining 

 information as to the part played by wild game in the spread of 

 trypansomiasis of human beings and domestic animals. The district 

 traversed, the Western Province of the Uganda Protectorate, is a 

 great game country with a relatively small population. The character 

 of the country is described in detail, and four species of Glossina w^ere 

 met with, viz., palpalis, pallidipes, morsifans, and fxsca. As regards the 

 distribution of different species, G.fusca is mainly confined to the forest ; 

 as also is G. palpalis, which is more less restricted to the neighbour- 

 hood of water ; man probably furnished a large proportion of its food 

 supply. The other species are found in the short grass plains running 

 up to the elephant-grass country around the Hoima River, which 

 country abounds with buft'alo. The author says that the hippopotamus 

 where it occurs, is an important source of food for Glossina fusca. 

 G. pallidipes was found over the grass-lands frequented by buffalo 

 and also in isolated patches of wood at a considerable distance from the 

 scrub which forms the boundary of the open country ; it is chiefly 

 associated with reedbuck, buffalo, cob and waterbuck. A species of 

 Hippobosca was found on almost every antelope that was shot in this 

 part of the country. Fifteen specimens of this fly were dissected in 

 the belief that it might possibly prove to be a trypanosome carrier 



