70 



found that malaria was probably the cause of a large proportion of the 

 deaths. The disease is present in endemic form throughout the year 

 and, with great regularity, becomes epidemic about six weeks or two 

 months after the onset of the heavy rains of the north-east monsoon. 

 Two species of Anopheles, namely A. culicifacies and A. rossi were 

 collected, but the adults were rare. A. culicifacies is probably the chief 

 malaria-carrier, and at the time of the author's visit was breeding 

 almost exclusively in wells. The larvae of A. rossi were present in 

 pools, swamps, earth drains, wells and tanks. At Pallai and on the 

 Kalmunai spit investigation revealed a quite serious degree of infection. 

 A report is also made on the prevalence of other mosquitos. 

 Stegotnyia fasciata was present in Jaffna, Kankesanturai, Point Pedro, 

 and Kayts. Other species found are S. scntellaris, Cidex fafigans, 

 C. microatimdatiis , C. tigripes, Chdiciomyia 'nigerrima and Taenior- 

 hynchus tenax. In Galle mosquitos are more prevalent than in Colombo. 

 S. fasciata and S. scidellaris were found in every ward, their propor- 

 tions to other mosquitos being respectively, in Fort 66 per cent, and 

 11 per cent., in Kaluwella 34 per cent, and 9 per cent., in Galupiyadda 

 10 per cent, and 21 per cent., in Kumbalwella 6 per cent, and 23 per 

 cent., and in Hirimbure 2 per cent, and 21 per cent. Of other mosquitos 

 C. fafigans and Desvoidga ohturhans were most frequent and specimens 

 of T oxorlnjnchites immisericors, C. microannidatus, C. vishnui, C. gelidus, 

 Culiciomyia nigerrima, T. tenax and several species of Anophelines were 

 also found. The breeding places in which the four commonest 

 mosquitos were found included disused tins, disused and broken 

 bottles, water-storage vessels, wells, coconut shells, oyster shells, 

 fallen leaves, natural pools, earth drains, spittoons, holes in trees and 

 water-holding plants. Additional breeding places in which the larvae 

 of other kinds of mosquitos were found were paddy fields, a canal, a 

 quarry, the pits of water in which coconut husks are soaked, ponds and 

 tanks. In Galle it is very desirable to raise the general sanitation by 

 meeting the primary sanitary needs in connection with water supply, 

 conservancy, drainage, etc., and until this is carried out an anti- 

 mosquito campaign would probably be of little value. 



Ludlow (C. S.). Philippine Mosquitos. — Psyche, Boston, Mass., xxi, 

 no. 1, Feb. 1914, pp. 30-32. 



The author in these pages gives a detailed description of two Philip- 

 pine mosquitos, namely, Myzomyia flavirostris, sp. nov., taken at 

 Camp Willielm, Tayabas, and Popea palawanensis, sp. nov., taken at 

 Puerto Princessa, Palawan Island. 



Ludlow (C. S.). Myzomyia {Anopheles) ludloivii, Theobald. — Psyche, 

 Boston, Mass., xxi, no. 1, Feb. 1914, pp. 32-33. 



The author reports that the specimens on which the species was 

 founded and which she sent to Mr. Theobald, were taken by Dr. 

 Graves on the Benguet Road, Island of Luzon, during the construction 

 of that road. The location is definitely inland and there is no sea or 

 brackish water within many miles of the Benguet River. No other 

 species were found and during that time malarial fever was very 

 prevalent. This means that A. ludloivii may breed in fresh water and 



