94 



cheopis. Trypanosomiasis is common in cattle in the Gold Coast, 

 particularly amongst those imported from the north, from the Moshi 

 country ; horses and dogs are also affected, sheep to a slight extent 

 and one case in a goat has been recorded ; pigs have not been found 

 infected. Two cases of spirochaetosis have been recorded in sheep 

 and one in a goat. 



The distribution of the genus Glossina is dealt with in detail, and a 

 map accompanying the description shows the localities where the 

 different species occur and where sleeping sickness is prevalent. Ten 

 species are recorded ; belonging to the palpalis group are palpalis, 

 tachinoides, caliginea, and pallicera ; to the morsitans group, longipalpis 

 and morsitans ; to thefusca group, /u5ca, nigrofusca and tahaniformis ; 

 and to the brevipalpis group, medicorum. Regaiding the connexion 

 between tsetse-fly and game, the author inclines to think that it is 

 closer in the case of G. morsitans than in other species. 



A Hst of the parasites of game and other mammals observed is given. 



Froggatt (W. W.). Sheep Maggot Flies in AustTaXia.^Bull. Entom. 

 Research, London, v, pt. 1, April 1914, pp. 37-39. 



The most serious pests at the present time threatening the wool and 

 sheep industry of Australia are the sheep maggot flies (blow-flies 

 belonging to the genus Calliphora) ; C. villosa and C. oceaniae 

 were the first to be observed as doing damage ; more recently 

 C. riififacies has taken to sheep and done even more harm. This 

 species has been dealt with by the author in a recent paper in the 

 Agricultural Gazette, N.S.W., for February 1914. [See this Review 

 Ser. B. ii, p. 85.] The damage done in 1912 amounted to at 

 least a million sterling in New South Wales alone, and as much 

 again in Queensland, and was spreading in other states. All kinds of 

 dips, dressings, etc., have been tried by sheep-owners, but nothing up 

 to the present time has been discovered that will keep the flies from 

 blowing wool for more than a few weeks. A Government Sheep 

 Maggot Fly Experiment Station has, at the instance of sheep-owners, 

 been recently established in the Brewarrina district. Here field 

 investigations on the life-histories, range and habits of the different 

 flies which occur in the district among sheep are carried on, and 

 examination made of dead animals and animal remains found in the 

 paddocks. The different substances and chemicals that can be used 

 to attract flies to poisoned baits, or to keep them from laying their 

 eggs or maggots upon wool, are studied. Enquiry is also made into 

 the indigenous birds that destroy flies or maggots, and the value of 

 natural parasites. 



Important predatory enemies of the maggot fly are the Staphylinid 

 beetle, Creophilus erythrocephalus, and a wasp, Gorytes sp. The most 

 important parasite is a Chalcid recently discovered at Yarrawin. To 

 aid in the dispersal of this parasite, farmers are recommended to ascer- 

 tain whether it is present in maggots in their dead animals, in which 

 case fly pupae will contain a number of tiny maggots or small ant-hke 

 creatures. These pupae should be collected and placed in a bag made 

 of mosquito netting, the meshes of which will permit the parasites to 

 escape but not their hosts. A similar parasite has been recently 

 recorded from Longreach, Central Queensland, so that the distribution 

 of the insect may be very wide. 



