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Marzixovsky (Dr. E. I.). Ponb HactKOMbixij btj pacnpocTpaHeH'm 

 aapaSHblXlj Oo/ltaHeil. [The role played by insects in spreading 

 infectious diseases.] — « flpupOAa.)) [Nature], St. Petersburg {?), 

 June 1914, pp. 714-735, 14 figs. 



In this article the author reviews, in a popular way, the part 

 played by insects in spreading serious diseases, of which the 

 usual instances are given. Professor Zabolotny and Dr. Deminsky 

 have recently proved that the tarbagan and the earless marmot 

 {Spermophilus citellus, L.) are also subject to plague and infect 

 man, although it is not known yet what insects play the 

 part of carriers of the disease. He mentions that piroplasmosis of 

 cattle is spread in Russia by Ixodes ricinus and piroplasmosis of horses 

 by Dermacentor reticulatus. In Transcaspia a disease, common also in 

 Persia, where it is called " Miana," and resembhng recurrent fever, 

 is spread by Ornithodorus tholozani, and according to Dzhunkovsky 

 this disease has been brought into Persia from Africa, where it is 

 caused by the bites of Ornithodorus moubata. Dr. Sacharov has 

 observed in Caucasia a disease of geese which is spread by Argas 

 persicus. The principal symptom is a feverish condition, the birds 

 becoming weak, hanging down their wings and perishing in great 

 numbers. The same or a similar disease of poultry in South America 

 is spread by Argas reflexus. 



Bruce (Sir D.), Hamerton (A. E.), Watson (D. P.) & Bruce (Lady). 

 The Trypanosome causing Disease in Man in Nyasaland. Part III. 

 Development in Glossina Morsitans. — Proc. Royal Society, London, 

 B. Ixxxvii, no. 59S, June 1914, pp. 516-525, 1 pi. 



An account is given of the development of the human trypanosome 

 in Glossina morsitans. The study was rendered difficult by the small 

 number of flies obtainable, particularly in the pupal stage. Flies bred 

 from captive individuals were less healthy and more difficult to rear 

 than those from wild pupae. The human trypanosome in Nyasaland 

 belongs to the same group as T. gambiense, the development taking 

 place in the alimentary tract and salivary glands, not in the proboscis 

 of the fly. The percentage of ffies which become infected is the same 

 as in T. gambiense, viz : — 8 per cent. The percentage of ffies which 

 become infective is about 1 per cent. The length of time which elapses 

 before a fly becomes infective varies from 14-31 days. The infective 

 type of trypanosome in the salivary glands, corresponding with the 

 final stage in the cycle of development, is similar to the short and 

 stumpy form found in the blood of the vertebrate host. 



Report of the Inter-Departmental Committee on Sleeping Sickness 

 presented to both Houses of Parliament. London, May 1914 

 (Cd. 7349) 26 pp. 



This important Report should be read in the original. The general 

 conclusions arrived at by the Committee are as follows : — 



In the opinion of the Committee, there are various ways in which, 

 by experiment and research, further knowledge might be attained, 

 whereby both the incidence and spread of sleeping sickness might be 

 combated with some prospect of success. 



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