125 



worked in Sao Paulo to see whether the trypanosome exists in 

 blood-sucking insects there and whether, if found, the insects 

 would prove capable of transmitting the disease. Triatoma infestans, 

 T. niegista, and T. sordida, were captured in large numbers and 

 examined for flagellates in the alimentary canal, and numerous 

 crithidial and trypanosome forms were found in the different stages 

 of the insects, which developed in the same way as T. cruzi. To 

 prove their identity with T. cruzi, inoculation experiments were 

 made on guineapigs, cats, dogs and mice in the laboratory ; after 

 inoculation the blood of these animals contained flagellates of the 

 typical T. cruzi forms. It was found that the infection could be 

 transmitted by means of Triatoma infestans, as readily as by T. megista, 

 so that both these species may act as carriers of the disease. 

 T. sordida is not so frequently found carrying parasites as the other 

 two species, but it was proved also capable of transmitting the 

 disease. 



At Pirassununga, Brotas and Annapolis cases of trypanosomiasis 

 were observed in human beings. Many guineapigs were inoculated 

 by the authors with blood from suspected patients ; in those which 

 died it was impossible to observe the trypanosomes in the blood, but 

 in one case, microscopic sections of the muscles of the animal revealed 

 T. cruzi in typical multiplication stages. This animal was inoculated 

 at Brotas on l-lth September 1913 with 5 c.c. of blood taken from 

 a negro child 10 years old ; the child was living in a hut infested with 

 Triatoma infestans (many of which were infected with flagellates) and 

 was backward for her age, showed symptoms of anaemia, and had the 

 lymphatic ganglia, especially those of the neck, hypertrophied. The 

 giiineapig inoculated died on 19th October, 35 days after the inocu- 

 lation. Sections were made of the leg muscles, which exhibited 

 trypanosomes in the Leishmania stage. 



Carini (A.) & Maciel (J.). Distribution des Triatomes dans I'Etat de 



Sao~Paulo. [Distribution of Triatoma in the State of Sao Paulo.] 

 —Bull Soc. Path. Exot., Paris, Vn, no. 4, 8th April 19U, pp. 292- 

 295, 1 map. 



In the course of their work on human trypanosomiasis in the State 

 of Sao Paulo, the authors undertook the study of the distribution 

 of the species of Triatoma suspected of carrying the disease. It 

 was found that the most common species was T. infestans, and that 

 T. megista was more common than T. sordida. T. megista was found 

 in the following localities : Bebedouro, Boa Esperan^a, Campo Alegre, 

 Dous C'orregos, Franca, Ibitiuva, Jahii, Orlandia, Patrocinio de 

 Sapucahy, Sao Carlos, Sertaozinho, Serrinha, and Villa Bomfin. 

 T. sordida was found in Araraquara, Barretos, Igarapava, Ituverava, 

 Jaboticabal, and Eibeirao Preto. T. infestans was found, roughly 

 speaking, wherever the other two species occurred. The north-east 

 part of the State is the most affected, where the population is densest 

 and where the cultivation of coffee and sugar is mostly carried on. 

 The insects were found infesting the dwellings of the labourers. It 

 would seem from information obtained locally that the numbers of 

 Triatoma are increasing. 



