130 



to compel owners to dip infested sheep until they are free from these 

 parasites. 



Flocks in the cold, elevated districts of New South Wales seem to 

 be most subject to attacks of vermin, the hot, dry conditions being 

 apparently unfavourable to ticks and lice. The effect of the vermin 

 on the sheep is to cause a marked deterioration in the health of the 

 animal, which seriously affects the growth of wool. Dipping not 

 only rids the animal of ticks or lice, but is said to improve the general 

 growth of wool. An account is given of the methods of constructing 

 dips and the process of dipping. 



Henry (M.). External Parasites in Sheep. — Agric. Gaz. N.S.W., 

 Sydney, xxv, pt. 5, May 1914, pp. 374-375. 



A short general account is given of the sheep-louse (TricJiodecfes 

 sphaerocephalns) and the sheep-tick {Melophagus ovinus). New 

 South Wales does not appear to be infested to the same extent as 

 Victoria or South Australia, but there is no doubt that the sheep- 

 louse in particular is spreading. 



Martini (E.). Some New American Mosquitos. — Insec. Inscif. Mens., 

 Washington, ii, no. 5, May 1914, pp. 65-76, 1 pi. 



Three new species of mosquitos are described, Lesticocampa espini, 

 from Corozal, Miraflores Lake and Culebra, in the Panama Canal 

 Zone ; Cidex prasinojjleurus, from Santiago de Cuba ; and Culex 

 chalcocorysfes, from Porto Bello, Panama ; the larva of the latter 

 species is also described. 



Bahr (P. H.). Studies on Malaria in Ceylon, with special reference to 

 its prevention in agricultural districts. — Parasitology, Cambridge, 

 vii, no. 2, June 1914, pp. 135-156, 6pl., 2 maps. 



Ceylon exhibits two definite climatic zones — the hot, low plains 

 and the damp, cool, tea-bearing area of the Central Provinces — 

 which probably have an important influence on the distribution of 

 malaria in the island. This disease is a scourge in the low country, 

 which may again be divided into the hot, damp, agricultural districts 

 of the Western and Southern, and the hot, but dry jungles of the 

 North and Eastern Provinces. Particulars of the malaria parasites 

 found, the incidence of and mortality due to the disease and the 

 antimalarial measures adopted are given. The Ceylon Anopheline 

 mosquitos include : — Anopheles rossii, culicifacies, albirostris, 

 pv.nctulata, listoni, sinensis, barhirostris, fuliginosns, jamesi, macidatus, 

 and gigas. In Kurunegala the disease has been studied in more detail 

 than elsewhere, and here the parasite is mostly of the quartan type. 

 At least six well-known malaria-bearing Anophelines occur in 

 Kurunegala ; of these the species A. culicifacies is by far the most 

 abundant. The chief breeding areas of these mosquitos were found 

 to be the paddy fields, and the author advocates the abolition of 

 these within town limits. The systematic treatment of school-children 

 with quinine, cementing drains and waterways in the town, especially 

 streams in the railway cuttings, prohibiting the damming of streams 

 for washing cattle or catching fish, and the prevention in general 



