172 



The biting flies collected in the district include : — Glossina palpalis, 

 which swarms around Port-Novo and in the lagoon region of the coast ; 

 G. morsitans, which is common in the wooded district of Allada ; 

 Tabanus svbangustus, Ric, found very commonly in Lower Dahomey 

 about water-courses and in the lagoons, its bite being excessively pain- 

 ful ; Haematopota strigipennis, Karsch, abundant in Lower Dahomey; 

 and Simulium damnosum, Theo., common all over the country. 



Messerschmidt (Th.). Experimentelle Beitrage zur Frage der Verbrei- 

 tung der Typhusbacillen durch Staub und Fliegen. [Experimental 

 contributions to the question of the spread of Typhus bacilli 

 through dust and flies.] — Centralblt. Bah., Parasit. n. Infekt., Ite. 

 Abt. Orig., Ixxiv, nos. 1-2, 27th May 1914, pp. 1-5. 



Though dust and flies have been suggested as agents responsible 

 for the spread of typhus bacilH, Heim is said to be the only worker 

 who reports having been able to prove this with regard to dust. As 

 to flies, details are given of three experiments with 20 rabbits infected 

 with typhus bacilli and placed in a cowshed of 400 cubic feet space 

 swarming with an estimated average of 800 flies. The negative results 

 of these experiments confirm the observations made during the years 

 1905-1909 in the course of the typhus campaign in south-west 

 Germany. The paper closes with a bibhography of 19 works. 



LiGNiERES (J.). L'anaplasmose bovine en Argentine. [Bovine anaplas- 

 mosis in the Argentine.] — Centralblt. Bakt., Parasit. v. Infekt., Ite. 

 Abt. Orig., Ixxiv, nos. 1-2, 27th May 1914, pp. 133-162, 5 figs. 



Anaplasmosis is endemic in certain northern regions of the Argentine 

 and may be accidentally carried to other zones by infected cattle. 

 Anaplasma argentinum belongs to the same type as A. fnarginalis, 

 Theiler. In nature, anaplasmosis does occur as a pure infection, but 

 is associated with Piroplasma bigemimiyn and P. argentinum and 

 appears to be transmitted by the same tick, Margaropus microplus. 

 Infection is not conveyed by Sfomoxys. Native cattle suffer little from 

 anaplasmosis in regions where it is endemic, whilst imported stock, 

 particularly the better grades and the adults, are seriously attacked. 

 Anaplasma parasites remain alive and virulent for over a year in the 

 blood of animals which have recovered, the first attack conferring 

 immunity. Animals immunised against Piroplasma bigeminum and 

 P. argentinum are susceptible to anaplasmosis and the converse also 

 obtains. Tick destruction and the separation of infected from non- 

 infected areas must be undertaken and immunisation is of great 

 importance. The immunity conferred by the use of pure virus is 

 assisted by the injection of blood from animals infected spontaneously 

 in the tick zones, which contains parasites of the same type as those 

 used for immunisation. 



Lewis (J.). The Formation of Arsenate in Dipping Tanks. — Agric. Jl. 

 Union S. Africa, Pretoria, vii, no. 5, May 1914, pp. 658-664. 



This paper is principally concerned with the operation of bacterial 

 organisms in effecting the change of arsenate to arsenite in dipping 

 tanks and vice versa. The author's attention was drawn to the subject 



