185 



Carpenter (G. H.). Injurious Insects and other Animals observed in 

 Ireland during the year 1913. — Econ. Proc. R. Dublin Soc, Dublin, 

 ii, no. 9, July 1914, pp. 142-160, 8 figs., 1 pi. 



In the course of his report for 1913 [see this Review, Ser. A, ii, 

 pp. 655-656 j the author refers to a case of the ox warble-fly (Hypodenna 

 bovis, De Geer) in a horse, he having received in May, from Monks- 

 town, Co. Dublin, a mature (fourth-stage) warble maggot, which had 

 been extracted from the back of a thoroughbred mare. The larva 

 agreed exactly with the corresponding stage of H. bovis, and it has 

 lately been found that the distinctive characters of the larvae of 

 H. bovis and H. lineatum, Vill., are confirmed by rearing the flies. 

 There seems no doubt that the horse warble-maggot now recorded, 

 had developed from an egg laid by H. bovis, and further observations 

 on these parasites in horses would be welcome. 



Bruce (Surgeon- General Sir D.), Hamerton (Major A. E.), Watson 

 (Captain D. P.) & Bruce (Lady). Glossina brevi-palpis sls a, csirner 

 of Trypanosome Disease in Nyasaland. — Proc. R. Soc, London, B, 

 Ixxxviii, no. 600, 6th Aug. 1914, pp. 20-32, 1 pi. 



An account is given of the habits of Glossina brevipalpis in Nyasaland 

 and of the results of transmission experiments to ascertain its capacity 

 for infecting man and animals with trypanosomes. This fly was 

 found frequenting the roads in a small area of country at the mouth 

 of the Lingadzi river on the west shore of Lake Nyasa. It is crepus- 

 cular in its habits, but was not found at dawn, and does not follow 

 or settle upon passers-by, nor would it attack a dog which was 

 repeatedly walked through its haunts in the evening. In the dim light 

 these flies are not easy to see, but attract the searcher's attention 

 by the sound of their buzzing as they are disturbed by his footsteps. 

 They do not fly about in search of food, and only seem to move to 

 settle again in the middle of the path. Out of the 500 flies caught 

 and examined on the spot all were males, and of many thousands 

 brought to the Laboratory only four were females. It is suggested 

 that the females remain hidden in the dense bush and do not come 

 into the open like the males. 



Flies in captivity feed at any time if a goat or dog be applied to 

 the sides of the cage, but are normally dormant by day and active 

 at night. Of 50 flies dissected, seven contained mammahan blood. 

 Dissections of wild fhes showed that they were infected with T. brucei 

 vel rhodesiense, T. pecorum, T. simiae and T. grayi, and experiments 

 showed that this species is capable of acting as a carrier of T. brucei 

 vel rhodesiense, T. brucei (Zululand strain, 1913), T. pecorum and 

 possibly T. caprae. 



. Trypanosome Diseases of Domestic Animals in Nyasaland. III. 



Trypanosoma pecorum ; development in Glossina morsitans. — 



Proc. R. Soc, London, B, Ixxxviii, no. 600, 6th Aug. 1914, 



pp. 33-37, 1 pl. 



Tryjjanosoma pecorum is capable of passing through a cycle of 



development in G. morsitans, the flies becoming infective some twenty 



days after feeding on an infected animal. Development, as in 



