( 13 ) 



2. Paired appendages never present on all the abdominal somites : — 

 i. The antennular flagella end in a filament : the antennular 



peduncles rarely approach the carapace in length. ... Pagurid^e. n. 2' 



ii. The antennular flagella end abruptly and bluntly ; the antennular 

 peduncles are nearly as long as, or even longer than, the 

 carapace ... ... _ „ CoENOBiTiDvE.p'^^ 



II. Uropods absent : carapace crab-shaped : penultimate pair of thoracic 



legs at least as well developed as those in front of them ._ Lithodid,e. 



It is now agreed that the Lithodidt^ are merely modified Eupagurines 

 and Pagurines. As the three Indian representatives of the family belong to 

 the fauna of the deep sea and have already been sufficiently described in the 

 Catalogue of Indian Deep-sea Crustacea, they will not be further noticed here. 



Family Pylochelid.e, Spence Bate. 



Pylochelida, Spence Bate, Challenger Macrura, 1888, p. 11 : Ortmann, in Bronn's Thier 

 Reich, Malacostraca, p. 1144 : Alcock, Investigator Macrura and Anomala, p. 209. 



Body straight and perfectly symmetrical in itself and in its appendages. 

 Cephalothorax subcylindrical. The abdomen, which is carried quite straight, 

 has all its terga well developed and in contact with one another, and ends 

 in a symmetrical (rarely somewhat unsymmetrical) tail-fan. Thoracic sternum 

 linear. Rostrum wanting, or quite inconspicuous. 



Ophthalmic somite more or less exposed. Antennal acicle well developed. 

 The upper antennular flagellum is more than half the length of the peduncle. 



External maxillipeds approximated at base : their exopodite ending in 

 a flagellum. 



The chelipeds are equal and massive. The thoracic legs of the 2nd 

 and 3rd pairs are long : those of the 4th and 5th pairs are very short and 

 are subchelale, or at least have the dactyl much reduced. 



The first six abdominal somites each carry a pair of appendages as in 

 the Macrura. 



The gills are trichobranchi?e. 



This family is closely related to the Thalassinoid Macrura, and, indeed, 

 is seated in the borderland between the two sub-orders Macrura and Anomura. 

 It is represented by nearly allied forms in the seas of Japan, the East Indian 

 Archipelago and south-eastern Australia, the Andamans, and the West Indies 

 and neighbouring coast of North America, usually at depths over 150 fathoms. 

 The eggs, so far as they are known, are of large size and comparatively few 

 in number, and this implies that the newly-hatched young are in an advanc- 

 ed stage of development; so that the curious geographical distribution of 



