70 



in Bengal. The male was described in 1907 from a specimen taken 

 from a horse in the Chin Hills, east of Chittagong, and two have since 

 been taken from the buffalo at Agul, Bengal. 



Ornithodorus 'piriformis, sp. n., is described from 15 specimens 

 taken at a height of 4,200 feet from an unknown host in the 

 Satara District, Bombay, and 0. asperus, sp. n., from a single specimen 

 taken on the Bileck Steppe, Mesopotamia, from an unrecorded host. 



NuTTALL (G. H. F.). The Pathological Effects of Phthirius pubis. — 

 Parasitology, Cambridge, x, no. 3, April 1918, pp. 375-382. 



Compared with Pediculus humanus. the part played by Phthirius 

 pubis in pathology is inconsiderable, because (1) it is not known to 

 convey any infective disease ; (2) it is not so prevalent, according to 

 Boston statistics only about 13 per cent, of verminous persons admitted 

 to hospital being found infested with it ; (3) it produces, on the whole, 

 only slight effects. 



NuTTALL (G. H. F.). The Biology of Phthirius pubis. — Parasitology, 

 Cambridge, x, no. 3, April 1918, pp. 383-405, 9 figs. 



The habits of Phthirius pubis differ markedly from those of Pediculus 

 humanus in respect of its relative immobility upon its host, the insect 

 remaining attached and feeding for hours or days on one spot without 

 removing its mouth- parts from the skin into which it has bored them. 

 Hitherto it has not been recorded as occurring on any host other 

 than man, but there are now two instances of such occurrence on the 

 dog, one from Lake Nyasa, 1910, and one from Panama, 1917. The 

 parasite is usually confined to the pubic and peri-anal regions, though 

 it may become disseminated practically all over the body, occurring 

 occasionally on children and rarely on adults upon the head, especially 

 upon the eyelashes and eyebrows, rarely on the scalp, and occasionally 

 in the beard. The feeding habit of P. pubis is practically continuous, 

 the insect only ceasing to feed when it moults, which it does i7i situ, 

 this habit explaining why it dies so quickly when removed from the 

 host. The life-cycle is completed in from 22 to 27 days, hatching 

 taking 6 to 8, development to the adult 15 to 17, and the pre-oviposition 

 period being 1 to 2 days. 



Coles (A. C). Spirochaeta icterohaemorrhagiae in the Common Rat in 

 England. With Remarks on the Minute Structure of these 

 Leptospira (Noguchi). — Parasitology, Cambridge, xi, no. 1, November 

 1918, pp. 1-9, 2 plates. 



In 1916, Japanese observers stated that Spirochaeta icterohaemor- 

 rhagiae, the organism present in infectious jaundice, was transmitted 

 probably from rats to man by means of the urine of rats, directly 

 or indirectly. They carefully examined house and ditch rats in the 

 city, and rats in the coal mines where Weil's disease prevails, and found 

 395 per cent, to contain highly virulent pathogenic spirochaetes in 

 their kidneys. The following year they stated that the organisms 

 cannot be demonstrated in the blood and liver, but in the urine of 



