100 



kept under observation, and as the symptoms increased, a douche 

 was tried resulting in the ejection of numerous larvae from the 

 urethral meatus ; the treatment was repeated the following day 

 with the same result, after which all symptoms abated. The larvae 

 in question resemble those of a Clerid, though no precise identification 

 is possible. 



Froggatt (J. L.). An economic Study of Nasonia brevicornis, a 

 Hymenopterous Parasite ofMuscidDiptera. — Bull. Entom. Research, 

 London, ix, no. 3, March 1919, pp. 257-262. 



A full description is given of the extent of the work and methods 

 adopted in New South Wales for breeding Nasonia brevicornis, the 

 Chalcid parasitising the pupae of Chrysomyia {Calliphora) rvffacies. 

 N. brevicornis is a very hardy and easily bred parasite and should 

 prove an important factor in the reduction of blowflies and other 

 Diptera [see this Review, Ser. B, iii, p. 15]. Owing to the great 

 economic value of this parasite, measures for its artificial propagation 

 on a large scale have been undertaken. Between November 1917 

 and 14th February 1918, 164 packets of parasitised pupae, each 

 averaging about 10,000, were distributed and approximately 1,500,000 

 living parasites were liberated. This work is still extending and 

 fresh requests, from all parts of Australia, are being received daily. 



The larvae of Anastellorhina {Calliphora) augur, Pollenia sHjgia 

 {Calliphora villosa), Chrysomyia rufifacies, Luciliii sericata, and to a 

 less extent Sarcophaga aurifrons, are the chief source of supply ; larvae 

 of Ophyra nigra and Chrysomyia {Calliphora) varipes are only used in 

 an emergency, as they are not so readily parasitised by the Chalcid. 

 Among the first four mentioned, the pupae of Chrysomyia rufifacies 

 are always the last to be attacked by the parasite. The life-cycle of 

 the Chalcid under normal conditions is 11-14 days. The length of 

 the life of the adult varies under different conditions. Experiments 

 made, show that adults, emerging in glass cylinders covered with 

 muslin, live from 4-6 days ; when the muslin was damped with honey 

 and water they lived 18-20 days, but when actively parasitising in 

 the breeding cages they live from 4 to 6 weeks, surviving longer in 

 cool weather. 



Duke (H. L.). Some Observations on the Bionomics of Glossina 

 palpalis on the Islands of Victoria Nyanza. — Bull. Entom. Research, 

 London, Ax, no. 3, March 1919, pp. 263-270. 



As a result of investigations made by himself and others on a 

 number of islands in the Victoria Nyanza, the author has come to the 

 conclusion that the decreased number of flies on these islands is 

 due to the destruction of the breeding grounds by the rising lake. 

 The chief requirements constituting favourite sites for G. palpalis 

 pupae are shade and free air circulation accompanied by dry and loose 

 soil, commonly gravel or coarse sand. The favourite breeding places 

 in this group of Islands are those on Damba and Tavu. On Tavu 

 the sandy area chosen by the fly in former years is now covered with 

 thick black mud, the bushes {Triumfetta tnacrophylla) and shrubs 



