132 



The latter measures were carried out mainly in the "dangerous areas,'" 

 • Sheppey, Sandwich, and Romney Marsh. Anopheles maculi'pennis 

 is the main domestic danger in England, wintering where the condi- 

 tions obtainable are warmth, freedom from draught and disturbance, 

 shade and food, such as in buildings where cattle and other domestic 

 animals are housed, and during summer in human dwellings. Stables, 

 cowsheds, and pig-sties, by means of repeated operations, including 

 the destruction of cobwebs and whitewashing, have been cleared of 

 mosquitos in winter, those not actually destroyed being unable to 

 withstand the winter temperatures outside. Where " myriads " 

 were recorded on 4th March 1918, 6 were found with difficulty on 

 4th March 1919. In districts under observation, but where no 

 measures were taken, the prevalence of A. maculi'pennis in 1917, 1918 

 and 1919 has not varied. 



Prevention of larval development in Sandwich has entailed opera- 

 tions on notoriously infested waters together with the maintenance 

 of more than 20 miles of dykes drained and free from weeds, all this 

 being within the camp area and in intimate relation to an aggregation 

 of some 30,000 men, harbouring a carrier volume not readily ascertain- 

 able. The result of these combined operations has been a rarity of 

 A. maculipennis within military quarters, absence of larvae from 

 treated dykes, and a record of 6 indigenous cases in 1918 as against 69 

 in 1917, these 6 resulting in a local defect in detail. In Sheppey, 

 where such thorough measures could not be carried out, the reduction 

 has been from 68 to 34 military cases, and from 35 to 14 among civilians. 



Mosquito prevalence and conditions for indigenous infection 

 similarly existed both in 1917 and 1918, but the carrier population was 

 increased in 1918. Where general measures were adopted, but when 

 control was more accurate, the scattered occurrences were 26 in 1917 

 and 24 in 1918. Where sanitary measures were added to the scheme 

 of prevention, as in Sheppey, the cases were reduced from 103 in 1917 

 to 45 in 1918. 



Washburn (F. L.) & Howaed (C. W.). Household Insects.— Q^e of 

 Minnesota State Entomologist, Univ. Farm, St. Paul, Circ. no. 44, 

 15th October 1917, 14 pp., 7 figs., 1 plate. [Received 28th May 

 1919.] 



This paper, which is compiled from previous circulars, includes 

 the usual measures for dealing with bed-bugs and fleas. 



Macfie (J. W. S.). Two Parasites of Naja nigricollis. — Ann. Trap. 

 Med. Parasit., Liverpool, xiii, no. 1, 12th May 1919, pp. 23-30, 1 



plate. 



Trypanosoma voltariae, sp. n., and Plasmodium mesnili, Bouet, 

 both found in the blood of a snake, Naja nigricollis, in the Gold Coast, 

 are described. 



Evans (A. M.). On the Genital Armature of the Female Tsetse-flies 

 (Glossina). — Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., Liverpool, xiii, no. 1, 12th 

 May 1919. pp. 31-56, 18 figs. 



This paper contains a general account of the morphology of the 

 female armature of the tsetse-flies with a description of the technique 



