133 



employed. A table for distinguishing on these characters the three 

 groups as represented by G. ■morsUans, G.fusca and G. palpalis is given, 

 with a key to the species in the G. fusca group. A comparison is made 

 between the external female armature of G. fusca and Calliphora 

 erythrocephala. 



G. submorsitans, Newst., G. 'pallidipes, Aust., and G. longipalpis, 

 Wied., were examined, but do not exhibit any marked features dis- 

 tinguishing their armature from that of G. morsitans. 



Brain (C. K.). Report on Typhus Conditions in Native Dwellings. — 

 Union S. Africa, Dept. Agric, Pretoria, Loc. Ser. 57, 1919, 20 pp. 

 6 figs. 



Owing to the prevalence of typhus among South African natives 

 there is urgent need for far greater attention being paid to the con- 

 ditions under which they live in the proximity of Europeans. 



The conclusions arrived at from an inspection of native dwellings 

 are that the body-louse, Pedicuhis humanus, is the most important if 

 not sole means of conveying the infection. When a locaUty is freed 

 from this vermin the disease disappears. Typhus is more prevalent 

 in the winter owing to crowding indoors for warmth, which facilitates 

 the rapid migration of lice from one person to another. Bed-bugs, 

 fleas, flies and mosquitos do not exhibit any connection with the 

 transmission of the disease. The abundance of lice and other insect 

 vermin is closely associated with unwholesome conditions of native 

 dwellings and their surroundings, so that a serious effort should be made 

 to improve this state of affairs. It is suggested that heat should be 

 used for the treatment of blankets and clothing but repeated applica- 

 tion is essential. Neat paraffin is recommended as a dressing for the 

 head followed by soap and water to eliminate the danger from fire. 



Walden (B. H.). Mosquito Worli in 1918. — 18th Rept. Connecticut 

 State Entomologist for 1918, Conn. Agric. Expt. Sta., New Haven, 

 Bull. no. 211, 1919", pp. 337-310. [Received 5th June 1919.] 



No new mosquito work was carried out during the year. The 

 severe storm occurring in the autumn of 1917 caused much damage 

 to existing structures, and owing to the scarcity of labour only such 

 work as was absolutely necessary was done in order to maintain the 

 former constructions in good repair and working order. Details of 

 this work carried out in various localities are given. 



TowNSEND (C. H. T.). Oviposition of Rhinogastrophilus nasalis, L. — 

 Canadian Entomologist, London, Ont, li, no. 5, May 1919, p. 120. 



Referring to a criticism of a note on the oviposition of Gastrophilus 

 (Rhinogastrophilus) nasalis, L. [see this Review, Ser. B, vii, p. 58], the 

 author insists that his observations [see this Review, Ser. B, vi, p. 189] 

 are absolutely correct. He remarks : "In repeated instances I saw 

 the fly strike at the muzzle of the horse just as I have described. 

 While the egg of nasalis is easily to be distinguished from that of 

 intestinalis, I still maintain that both are practically the same size 



