138 



mosquitos taken in the territory include the Anophehnes, A. maculi- 

 pennis, A. bifurcatus, and A. (Pyretophorus) palestinensis, and the 

 Cuhcines, Culex hortensis, C. jpipiens, Ochlerotatus sp., and Theobaldia 

 longiareolata (spathipalpis). Separate tables show the distribution 

 of these species in the various villages examined. The territory is 

 generally but not excessively malarial upon elevated ground, but is 

 situated between two centres of infection, Lake Malik and the 

 deep valley of Devoli, the endemic index rising gradually with the 

 approach to either of these districts. It is recommended that bivouacs 

 and cantonments should be confined to a certain altitude and that 

 troops should not be marched along ravines after sundown. Generally 

 speaking the region is easily dealt with by regulating the course of 

 the streams and draining the pools that are found about their beds. 

 On account of the general occurrence of Anophelines, even at an 

 altitude of nearly 4,000 feet, and of their probable abundance in the 

 wet autumn season, quinine prophylaxis and the use of individual 

 mosquito nets should be continued until the first frosts. 



Paisseau (G.). Une Entreprise d'Assainissement antipalustre au 

 Maroc. [Antimalarial Drainage Measures undertaken in Morocco.] 

 — Bull. Soc. Path. Exot.y Paris, xii, no. 5, 14th May 1919, pp. 

 274-287, 1 map. 



The Valley of Sebou is one of the most unhealthy districts in Morocco 

 owing to the great expanse of marshy land forming intensely malarial 

 centres. Ever since the French occupation the luxuriant vegetation 

 due to the abundance of water has caused many applications to be 

 made for concessions of land to be drained for agricultural purposes. 

 In view of these, the Government appointed a medical commission 

 to determine the chief malarial centres and the advisability of draining 

 them, and to suggest preventive measures to be observed by those 

 employed in the work for the protection of the general public as well as 

 themselves. Great importance is attached to this work, which necessi- 

 tates the drainage of nearly 247,000 acres of land and the employment 

 of about 20,000 workmen. The plans drawn up for the medical 

 investigations were based on the methods previously employed in 

 Algeria, and included careful search for mosquito larvae in all types of 

 stagnant water ; these seemed in abundance everywhere, especially 

 in the clear pools on the borders of marshy depressions. After the 

 month of April adult mosquitos were caught in all districts, the majority 

 being Anopheles ynacvlipennis. Clinical enquiries were made, but the 

 mortality could not be definitely ascertained. The various centres of 

 malarial infection are described, of which the marshes and lagoons 

 are the most important. 



The preventive measures for the protection of the workers necessi- 

 tate strict supervision to prevent any contact with natives of the 

 surrounding villages, and to enforce the use of mosquito nets. Preven- 

 tive quininisation is a most important factor ; although it will not 

 completely protect those exposed to infection, it nevertheless greatly 

 minimises the danger of the disease. All carriers must be removed 

 from the working centres, for which purpose the erection of well- 

 equipped hospitals and laboratories is essential. 



