151) 



Pmi'ps (F. E.). Les Trypanosomiases dans la Region de Carrol 

 (Haute-Sangha). — Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., Paris, xii, no. 7, 9th 

 July 1919, pp. 416-434, 1 map. 



J^xtensive investigations have been made in the Upper Sangha 

 <li^tric■t of the French Congo to ascertain the distribution of sleeping- 

 sickness. The country in the districts examined is described and the 

 results are given foT each. The distribution of the disease and of 

 dJossina palpalis is shown on a map. Although the incidence of the 

 disease has become decidedly less during both the French and German 

 occupations, all precautions should still be strictly adhered to. A 

 serious hindrance to the eradication of the disease is the continuance of 

 recruiting among distant tribes fox workmen who pass through infested 

 areas and thus become a new source -of danger. In 1917-18 these 

 amounted to 2,103 individuals. 



The animals used for transport are chiefly humped cattle, and 

 although they survive the dry season, they frequently become infected 

 (hiring the rainy season. Examination has shown the infection to be 

 due to Trypanosoma cazalboui, but how the animals become infected 

 has not been ascertained, since careful search failed to reveal the 

 slightest presence of Glossina in this infested area. Infection may be 

 contracted on the road or transmitted by Stomoxys, which is abundant, 

 provided there is a reservoir of infection in the immediate neighbour- 

 hood, though this has hitherto escaped detection. 



EoBLES (E.). Cnchocercose humaine au Guatemala produisant la 

 Cecit6 et " I'Erysipele du Littoral " (Erisipela de la Costa). — Bull. 

 Soc. Path. Exot., Paris, xii, no. 7, 9th July 1919, pp. 442-460, 6 

 figs- 

 Investigations were made to ascertain the cause of the disease 

 Icnown in Guatemala as coast erysipelas. The causative agent is 

 apparently an unidentified parasite greatly resembling Onchocerca 

 volvulus and it is probably transmitted by the flies, Simulium samhoni 

 and S. dinelli,^ though this recjuires further proof. 



The infection seems limited to certain districts, the affected zone 

 being very clearly defined ; it is apparently not carried by water, 

 as both infected and non-infected areas draw their water from 

 the same source. That one man may infect another is also impro- 

 bable, as in spite of frequent intermarriage, the disease does not spread 

 to the lowlying districts. In the case of children both sexes are equally 

 attacked, whereas male adults seem to be more frequently affected 

 than women. This is possibly due to the protection afi'orded by the 

 hair to the head and neck, these being the parts that are most fre- 

 quently attacked. The chief industry consists of sugar-cane and 

 coffee growing, and the workers in these fields seem to be the chief 

 victims of infection. The general course and symptoms of the disease 

 are described. The incubation period seems to extend over about 3 

 months, causing a cyst-like swelling. When opened the living parasites 

 may be found inside and have been known to remain alive in an 

 unopened, cyst for seven years. The only remedial measure advocated 

 is the careful excision of the tumour and its fibrous prolongations, th« 

 technique of w^hich is described. It has so far been successfully 

 carried out in all cates under a local anaesthetic. 



