195 



trypanosomiasis among the troops occurred, and of the few cases 

 subsequently recorded, four at least must have become infected between 

 the coast and Ankwabe, a distance of some 45 miles. The flies on this 

 route have been investigated ; G. morsitans and G. pallidipes were 

 found, but never G. palpalis. G. pallidipes was by far the commonest 

 species, but the number of flies varied greatly from day to day. Wild 

 animals are extremely scarce on this road and there are no native 

 dwelling-places ; game is however said to be found in numbers about 

 two miles from the road and this is doubtless the source of infection. 

 Flies are also known to occur beyond Ankwabe, but no work on their 

 distribution has been done. 



Between Nampula and Lake Nyasa there are extensive fly-belts and 

 much trypanosomiasis occurs in horses and cattle. The flies found 

 include G. morsitans, G. pallidipes, and G.fasca [identification dubious — 

 Ed.]. From Lindi, on the coast, inland to Ngomano and Tunduru, the 

 same species occur and also G. brevipalpis. G. morsitans is by far the 

 most common species, except in the Lindi area, where G. pallidipes is the 

 more abundant. No very sharply defined fly-belts occur on this line, but 

 the abundance of flies varies considerably at different points. The exact 

 spots at which flies are particularly numerous, and those that appear to 

 be free are enumerated. The percentage of Glossina infected with try- 

 panosomes is about 11%. Although there seems to be a general belief 

 in this region that human trypanosomiasis occurs, no case of it could 

 be traced. 



Investigations indicate that the incubation period is somewhere 

 between 5 to 14 days. Direct inoculation from man to rats produced 

 the disease in about 6 days, death supervening in about 12 days. The 

 fact that G. jjalpalis does not occur in the areas where the disease was 

 contracted confirm the hypothesis that the trypanosome is 

 T. rhodesiense rather than T. gambiense. 



An account is given of the eighteen cases that occurred among the 

 troops, five of these being Europeans and the remainder natives. As 

 soon as the first case was discovered measures were taken to protect 

 the men. Clearing the bush on both sides of the road was quite 

 impracticable. Veils were served out to protect the head and neck 

 of those using the infested roads, the use of shorts was forbidden and 

 Bamber oil [see this Review Ser. B. v, p. 181] was issued for the frequent 

 anointing of the hands and bare parts of the arms. 



Ferris (G. F.). Anoplura of the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913- 

 idlS.'Rept. Canad. Arctic Exped. 1913-1918, Ottawa, 12th 

 September 1919, iii, Insects : Part D, Mallophaga & Anoplura, 

 pp. 11-12 D. [Received 28th October 1919.] 



The species dealt with are Linognathiis setosus, Olfers (frequently 

 recorded as L. piliferus, Burm.), great numbers of which were taken 

 from a white fox, on the north coast of Alaska in January, and are 

 identical with individuals previously recorded from the domestic dog ; 

 and Echinophthiriv s horridus, Olfers (previously recorded as E. pliocae, 

 Lucas) taken from a seal, Phoca hispida, and inseparable from speci- 

 mens taken from other seals in the Shetland Islands and on the coast 

 of California. 



