18 HYPERMNESTRA. By Dr. A. Seitz. — DORITIS. By H. Stichel. 



paiici- al). paucipunctata Xeuh. all the red spots of the forewing are reduced, whUe in ah. alicea Neuh. the third 



punctata, (i-educedj black costal spot has no red centre. — Transitions from typical rumina to mcdft^icadp are named 



castiliana ^~ RiJHL ab. castiliana, from Castilia. — Larva yellow, red, or blackish, with short pale stripes and yellowish 



red tubercles bearing black hairs; earh' summer, on Aristolochia. Pupa grey -brown, variegated with 



black. — The butterflies are on the wing in spring, in the South already in February, in North Spain late' 



in March; they are found on sunny slopes and in vinyards, settling especially often on Asphodelus. 



6. Genus: nypermnestra Men. 



This genus, which, by the pattern, reminds one already strongly of Parnassiufi, contains only a single, 

 pale j-ellow, species, occinring in Western Asia. The antenna, though short, has a relatively thick and 

 sharply defined club; palpus less long and projecting; wings very broad. — Larva short and tliick, bearing 

 raised setiferous punctures, and changing in the ground into a short, thick, obtuse pupa. There is only 

 one brood. — The butterflies are on the wing in spring, being found on sunny slopes, where they suck 

 at flowers. 



helios. H. helios A7cfc (= ismene 7/. .S.) (10b), light straw-yellow. Forewing marked with black in cell 



and at apex, bearing a red, black-bordered, transverse patch beyond apex of cell. Hindwing below with 



yellowish grey bands, which shine through on the upper side. Turkestan and the neighbouring districts of 



maxima. Persia; not rare. — maxima Grum-Gr. (lObj is a much larger form from Buchara and Ferghana: ab. ochraceo- 



ochraceo- maculata Grum-Gr. is an individual aberration found among the preceding at Guzar, the red spots being 



maculata. replaced by briglit ochreous ones. — ab. persica Neuh. is based on specimens without red on the upperside, 



■ occuring among ordinary helios in Nortli Peisia. — Larva green, banded, full grown in May, on Zygophyllum 



turcomanicum. Pupa grey -green or brownish, in a loose cocoon in the ground. — The butterfly, which 



is found in April on steep slopes, has a rather lazy flight, reminding one of Parnassius. 



7. Genus: Doritis Fuhr.*) 



Medium-sized insects with rather strong neuration ; in structure and pattern a natural transition from 

 Thftis to ParnuKmift. Forewing triangular, nearly rectangular; hindwing irregularly rhombiform, the corners 

 being rounded off; no anal fold. Antenna short, distal incrassation spindle-shaped and slightly curved. Head 

 small, rough-hairy. Eye large. Palpus small. Abdomen stout, without so-called pouch at the apex in the 

 ?, thereby differing inter aha from Parnassius; the cf bearing at the anus a brush of black hairs which can 

 be spread out. Wings sparsely scaled: forewing greyish transparent, transversely pencilled, with black spots; 

 hindwing whitish, with black distal border bearing blue spots marked with red. — Inhabits the plains and 

 mountains of Western Asia; the insect is on the wing already on the first warm days of spring (February- 

 March in the low land, March-April in the mountains), there being only one brood; hibernates as chrysalis. 

 The flight is slow and awkward. The insect is to lie found on roads, meadows and pastures, sucking flowers. 

 — The larva is cylindrical, dull black, bearmg large red spots and whitish dots, and being evenly covered 

 with hairs, as in Pai-nassius; in spring on Aristolochia hastata. The chrysalis is stout, the abdominal 

 segments being deeply telescoped into one another and quite immovable : dull dark brown, lying in a loose 

 cocoon in tlie ground. — Only one species known, which is strongly variable.**) 



apoltinus. D- apollinus HIM. (= pythius Es-p., thia Hiibn) (10 c) is on the forewing rather densely pencilled 



transversely on a gre.y ground, the a" being occasionally marked with a little red; hindwing chalky-white 

 in fresh specimens, yellowish in worn ones, the dark border bearing reddish spots centred with blue. 

 $ darker, stouter, pencilled also on the hindwing, here and there irrorated with red. Western and south- 

 western districts of Asia Minor, transitional forms also in Syria and Mesopotamia. Among the ordinary 

 rubra, form there occurs, especially in southern districts (Aintab), the ?-ab. rubra Sffp: (10 d), which has the hind- 

 krystallina. wing strongly marked with red, the red colour being concentrated into spots at the base: ab. krystallina 

 Schilde (10 b) is on the contrary distinguished by sparsely scaled transparent wings bearing few markings, 

 such individuals occuring everywhere among the ordinary form. — An especially strongly coloured form in 

 which the dark submarginal costal marking of the forewing is intensified, forming a spot, and in which the 



*) The name Doritis F. (1807) should really be sunk as a synonym oi Parnassius Latr. (180.5), since the only two species 

 mentioned when the name was introduced are apollo and mnemosyne, which belong to the previously described genus Farnassius, 

 it not being permissible to transfer the generic name afterwards to another species. The name Archon Hiibn. (1822) should take 

 its place (Art. .30 of the hiternational Rules of Nomencl., Paris 190.o). .4s Doritis is generally employed, we aljstain here from 

 introducing a change of name. 



**) In the Miocene near Pisa Gabber has found a closely allied species, on which a new genus of fossil has been 

 based: Doritites Beh., the species being described as Doritites hosniaskii Reb. (Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserl. Akademie der 

 Wissensch. Wien, Vol. 104, 1899, p. 734). 



