84 LETHE. By Dr. A. Seitz. 



the spot not contrasting so strongly as in that species. — Ghia-ting-fu , Wa-shan, up to 6000 ft. Above 

 privigna. this altitude there occurs the form privigna Leecli, (30 c), of which the cf has a reduced scent-spot on the 

 upperside, while in the ? the oblique band of the forewing is reduced. 



bauds. L. baucis Leech (30c). The cf very similar to the preceding one on the upperside, but the fore- 



wing is more obtuse and bears a dull pale oblique stripe which extends from the costa towards the anal 

 angle. The forewing beneath has a row of 3 complete ocelli and 1 subapical obsolescent one. In the ? 

 the oblique line is replaced by a white band, there being also a row of 2—3 small white subapical spots 

 pmcris. parallel with this band. In the smaller ab. procris Leech the hindwing is more strongly angulate and the 

 outer discal hne of the underside more strongly excurved. — Widely spread over West and Central China. 



dyrta. L. dyrta Flilr. (30 d). Above dull brown, forewing with 2 white diffuse costal spots, the ? moreover 



bearing an oblique, broad, white band. On the very bright whitish marked underside of the hindwing the 

 subapical ocellus is enorriiously enlarged, while the other oceUi of this submarginal row have changed into 

 irregular black inarkings dusted with silvery. The entire underside strongly recalling that of L. eio-opa. 

 Tooth of hindwing long and acute. — West, Central and East China, also widely distributed in Northern 

 India. Common, in April and again from June onwards. Bingham regards the South Indian neelglierieims 

 (tuit. as another form of (fi/rfa, which is quite possible. The larva with a process on the head directed 

 fonvard and an anal process directed backward; green with dark dorsal and lateral stripes and yellowish 

 subdorsal hnesT on grass. 



eiiropa. L. europa F. (cf = arete Cr., ? = beroe Cr.) (30 d, e). Large, brown above, cf with 2 white 



apical spots , ? with broad white oblique band in addition. Lhiderside recalling that of di/rtn ; the sub- 

 marginal ocelli of the hindwing merged together to a sinuate band bearing irregular spots dusted with 

 metallic scaling. — West, Central and South China, South and North India to Malacca. Larva with erect 

 horn on the head , body acuminate behind , green , paler beneath. Pupa regular , with angulate head , pale 

 green, with 2 dots on the frons. The buttertlj' is common and occurs throughout the summer in the 

 warmer districts; in day-time they fly onlj- when disturbed, being restless at night. They imbibe the sap 

 exuding from trees, drink at puddles on roads, and suck at fallen off fruit. When crawling on the stems of 

 trees they move in jerks flapping the wings at the same time. The butterfly is hardly recognizable when 

 sitting on the ground among drj' leaves with the wings closed (A. Janet). 



roliiia. L. rohria F. (= confusa Am:) (30 e). Very dark above, almost black; forewing in both sexes with 



white oblique band and 2 white apical spots. Underside similar to that of europa, but the submarginal 

 ocelli sharper and more regular. — The whole of China with the exception of the northern provinces, the 

 Himalayan countries and the mountains of South and Northern India , extending to the Sunda Islands. 

 Common e\ erj'wliere in the area of distribution, and more on the wing in day-time than the other members 

 of this genus. Bingham considers the above described dyrta Fldr. to be rohria F.*) 



verma. L. verma KoJL (30 e). Rather variabel; above dark brown, the forewing bearing an oblique ab- 



breviated band which is very broad in the ?, while it is sometimes interrupted in the &] no white apical 

 spots. Underside similar to that of rohria, the discal lines violet, with some silveiy gloss. — In West 

 China, Kashmir and many of the Himalaj'an districts belonging to the Oriental Region. Very plentiful, up 

 to 9000 feet. In the Palaearctic districts in June and July, in India, where it is warmer, from April till 

 November, at shady places, where the butterfly settles on the stems of trees, especially affecting Rhodo- 

 dendrons and Oaks (Lang). 



L. chandica Moore (31a). This common and, in India, wide-spread Himalaj'an butterfly is represented 



coelestis. in China by the foi'm coelestis Leech. The d' above is blackish brown with slight violet gloss, the ? being 



reddish brown with a white oblicpie band, which is separated into spots beneath, and with black submarginal 



spots on the hindwing. The underside is similaii}' marked as in chavdica, but with a stronger lilac sheen, 



and the discal lines are somewhat differently shaped. West and Central China, as far east as Foochow, common. 



(liana. L. diana Btlr. (= whitelyi Bflr., consanguis Btlr., fixeni Bf/r.) (31 a). Very deep black-brown above, 



the marginal area of the forewing being hardly paler; beneath an oblique, outwardly white band is especially 

 noticeable, also the very regular and distinct submarginal ocelli of the hindwing, the 1. and 5. ocelli being 

 especiall}' conspicuous. — Japan and Corea as far as West China; common according to Leech, but I 

 found it much less plentiful than sicelis. It occurs especially in shaded rocky ravines and hollow roads, 

 and on the wing somewhat resembles a large Erebia. I found them fresh in August and already worn in 

 September. 



sicelis. L. sicelis Hew. (31 b). Light earth-brown, above quite unicolorous (cT), or with an indistinct obhcjue band 



(?); the hindwing with pupillated anal ocellus, the submarginal ocelli of the underside feebly shining through above. 



*) We are not able to ascertain which species Fabricius had before liini; it cannot be made out fiom the description. 



