86 ZOPHOESSA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 



fasciata. smaller, form, ab. fasciata (31 d). In this the scent-stripe is narrower, being less widened at the veins, and 

 the discal stripe of the forewing beneath is more sinuous, but less excurved at the apex of cell. — Perhaps 

 both forms are only races of certain Indian species. 



marginalis. L. marginalis Motseh. (= maackii Brem.) (31 d). Dark brown above; the hindwing of the o' with 



2 — 4 ocelli, of the ? with 4, at least 3 of these being pupilled with white. Beneath the forewing lias 3 strongly 

 developed oceUi, one placed behind the other; proximally to these there is a very slightly curved whitish 

 discal stripe from the costa to the hindmargin. The 1. and 5. ocelli of the hindwing are very large, the 

 others being essentially ^mailer. 9 considerably larger than the cf , with broader wings. — Widely distributed, 

 from Japan inclusive of the Northern Island over Corea, the Yang-tse-kiang upwards to West (Jhina; in 

 July, not rare. 



helena. L. Helena Leech, cf very similar to that sex of marginalis , but the forewing beneath, instead of 



3 distinct ocelli, has 5 more diffuse ones. The ? bears above and below a slightly curved white band 

 running from the middle of the costa towards the hind angle. — In July in West China. 



proximo. L. proxima Leech (31 e). Upperside dark jirown, forewing with a large apical ocellus, hindwing 



with dark subniarginal dots. On the hindwing, ])eneath, tlie first submarginal ocellus is replaced by an oblong 

 ring containing 2 contiguous ocelli. -^ In West China, at altitudes of from 5000 to 7000 ft., in Jul}- and August. 



trimacnla. L. trimacula Leecli (31 e). Very similar to the preceding species, liardly distinguishable from it on 



the upperside; but beneath the oval of the I. ocellus is less oblong, more representing one ocellus with 



2 jmpils; moreover, the lines crossing the disc of the liindwing beneath are ditferentlj' arranged. - In July 

 at Chang-Yang and I-chang in Central China. 



lahyriiithea. L. labyrinthea Leech (30 e). This exclusively Palaearctic from is one of the largest and finest species 



of Lethe which are known. The ?? especially are bright in colour. The ground-colour is earth -brown; 

 before the dark margin there are rows of j'ellowish bone-colored patches in which are placed on the hind- 

 wing large, oval, black spots; patcjies of the same colour are situated in and beyond the cell, being almost 

 white before the apex. On the underside the forewing is without ocelli in the cT, while the ? has 2 or 



3 small ones. The cf is duller above, the scent-stripe being the same in position and shape as in nirp-ifascia, 

 but less prominent. — In Central and West China, in Jul}'. 



callipteris. L. calllptcris BiJr. (31 e). Above yellowish grey-brown; tliere are yellowish bone - coloured spots 



in and below the cell of the forewing as well as l)efore tlie margin of both wings, bearing oval, black spots 

 on the hindwing, the row being forked towards the costa of the forewing. The insect has the appearance 

 of being a small form of lahijrinthea , but the cf in without the dentate band-like scent-organ found in that 

 species. — The insect was hitherta known only from Japan; the specimen from which our figure is taken 

 and which belongs to the Tring Museum, however bears the locality "Kashmir". If that is not an error 

 in labelling, 1 am inclined to regard callipteris and hdiiirinthcd , iuspite of the difference in the scent-organ, 

 to be localized forms of one widely distributed species. 



cyrene. L. cyrene Ijcech (30 e). Reminds one of aieelin on the upperside; the hindwing has a row of 5 black 



oval spots edged witii j'ellow. Beneath similar to the preceding species, but the discal lines straight and 

 the forewing with a straight row of 5 small submarginal oceUi. — This species, which is closely allied to 

 sjireis, appears to be very local (Leech); it was found at Chang- Yang in July. 



5. Genus: Zop]ioe»$sa Doiihh 



This genus is hardly separable from Letlie. As in that genus the antennae are delicate and scarcely 

 incrassate at the apex; the palpi long, thin, laterally compressed; the eyes hairy. Tongue rather strong. 

 The foreleg of the cf much reduced. The forewing triangular, the distal margin somewhat concave in con- 

 tradistinction to most species of Lethe. The hindwing with stronglj' scalloped margin , often produced into 

 a tooth at the 3. radial vein. Colouration above rather uniformly dark brown, the underside of the wings, 

 however, with light stripes and bands, which have sometimes a silvery gloss. 



The species of Zophoi's!<a are restricted to the mountain -system of the Himalayas. There occur 

 9 species in the Palaearctic fauna and also 9 in India, some of them being common to both Regions. The 

 early stages are not known. The butterfliess are local, but often ]ilentiful where they occur. They fly after 

 dusk, rather fast, taking to the wing in da3-time oulv when disturbed or in dull weather. Thej' are decided 

 mountain-insects, which have a preference for settling on rocks or bare spots on the ground; they have 

 not yet been met with at flowers. They appear in midsummer and have apparently one brood only. 



Z. sum />ot(U. This species is represented in several localites in Western China by the local race 



moupinensis. tnoupinensis Poiij. (32a), which in similar to Z. chira Marsh. Above deep dark brown, the hindwing bearing 



a long tooth or tail and in the paler marginal area dark dots. Underside marked with lighter brown, but 



