EREBIA. By G. Eipfinger. 97 



in July and August at altitudes of from 900 to 2200 m. — al). impunctata llUfn. differs in the spots of impunctata. 

 both wings Ijeiiiii; hirger and in tlie band of the forewing Ijearing no jjlack dots. — In ab. tristis Il.-Si-hiiff'., tristis. 

 from Graubiinden and the Alps of Schwyz, the marginal band of the forewing is brighter in colour and the 

 disc of the hindwing beneath has a reddish flush. — ab. intermedia Frei/, from Garinthia, has more distinct intermedia. 

 reddish yellow spots, also on the hindwing. 



E. christi Uat^er (36 c). This species comes nearest to caxsiope, l)eing however at least one-third diristi. 

 larger. The forewing more elongate than in ci(Sfilope, apex and distal mai'giu rounded, also in the hindwing, 

 the apex of the latter being obtusely pointed in caxmopi'. The brown transvei-se band of the forewing is of 

 even width and runs parallel with the distal margin, being sharply defined proximally and distally and 

 separated by the veins into spots, usually G. The 2. and 3. of these spots counted from the costal side 

 are not prolonged both ways as is cassiope, but are of the same size as the others. In the upper spots 

 there is a straight row of 3 or 4 black dots, of which the 2 middle ones are always larger than the others. 

 The hindwing bears 4, more rarely 3, oval russet-yellow spots with ovate black dots, which in the ? are 

 sometimes prolonged to streaks. The underside of the forewing is russet-brown, being darker basally, the 

 lighter band contrasting distinctly with the central area. Costal and distal margins brown-grey. Only the 

 2 central black dots are as large as above, while the others are either completely absent or are represented 

 but by small black specks. The hindwing beneath violet-grey, with a darker dentate band, wicli is obsolete 

 in the cf, but distinct in the ?. — The only locality so far known is the Laquin Valley at the southern 

 Simplon-road below the village of Simplon. The flight-place is very hmited, having only an extent of 

 5 — 600 m, consisting of grassy and flowery slopes covered with rocks and boulders. The butterfly is not 

 abundant. 



E. mnestra llim. (36 c, d). Shape as in melampus, but larger. The band on the forewing of the cf mnestra. 

 is reddish or brownish yellow and distally sharply defined, proximally more or less shading off into the 

 black-l)rown ground-colour. In this band there are sometimes 2 small black pupils near the ajjex, which 

 are mostly absent. The hindwing has sometimes a brown band separated bj' the veins into 3—4 spots, 

 which may be absent. The forewing beneath is russet-brown, the costal and distal margins being dark 

 brown like the hindwing. The ? is somewhat lighter in colour, the band of the forewing is russet-yellow 

 and on both sides sharply limited, bearing 2 usually white-centred ocelli, which are visible also on the under- 

 side. Specimens in which the band is especially prominent bear in the same 2 — 3 small black ocelli 

 with white centres. The band, however, is mostly absent, being represented only by some diffuse brown 

 spots. Underside of the forewing as in the cf, but the band lighter, and the wing russet-brown from the 

 l)and to the base. The hindwing beneath light brown, dusted all over with yellowish grey atoms, the wing 

 being centrally crossed by a but slightly lighter band, which is somewhat dentate on both sides. Antenna 

 black above, white beneath. In the Swiss and Tyrolese Alps, but local. — gorgophorre Bell., from South gorgophone. 

 France, is smaller and has a broader band. 



E. arete F. (nee Bell. = claudina Bkli.) (36 d). Forewing deep dark brown; the band red-brown, arete. 

 slightly interrupted by the veins, sharply defined proximally and distally, and extending to the hindmargin. 

 There are two small white-centred oceUi in the band, which in the cf are usually visible only on the under- 

 side. The brown band is either entirely absent from the hindwing or it is only represented by small brown 

 spots. There are 4 — 5 white dots before the distal margin , which are hardly visible in the cf , being 

 sometimes absent, while they are always present and quite distinct in the 2. The forewing beneath is dull 

 red-brown in the cf, the costal and distal margins being black-brown like the hindwing; in the ? the costal 

 margin and apex of forewing as well as the hindwing greenish grey. Fringes but slightly lighter tlian 

 the wing in me 'cf, yellowish grey in the ¥. Antenna black above, whitish beneath. In the Alps of Garin- 

 thia and Salzburg, in the Weissbriach valley, in July and August, said to occur only in the years with 

 uneven numbers. — ?? with bone -yellow band and pure white fringes have been distinguished as ab. 

 albofasciata Hijfn. — The egg is described as being round and white. The larvae appeared after 1 1 days ; albofasciata. 

 they were light green with 6 dark longitudinal lines; they were fed on Aira caespitosa. 



E. pharte Hbn. (36 d). Shape and size as in iHehii)ij)us, the forewing however narrower, being more pharte. 

 elongate, the apex not so much rounded. The yellowish brown distal band of the forewing is interrupted 

 by the veins, extending usually close to the hindmargin, sometimes only to the centre of the wing. The 

 hindwing has mostly 3 — 4 yellowish brown spots of different sizes, which are sometimes completely absent 

 or are represented only by some small brown dots. On the underside the band of the forewing is continuous 

 and somewhat lighter yellow-brown than above, the disc being diffuse red-brown. The hindwing beneath 

 dark brown in the <f, the yellow-brown spots being the same as above, only being more prominent. In 

 the lighter coloured ? the underside is dusted with greyish yellow, especiallj- at the costal and distal margins 

 of the wings. In the higher Vosges and the Gentral Alps, especially in swanpy meadows, rarely going 

 above the tree -limit. — In ab. phartina Stgr. (36 d) the brown -yellow macular band of the forewing is phartina. 

 represented by only 2 — 3 spots of different sizes ; the hindwing has only some small obsolescent spots. 



