EREBIA. By G. Eiffinger. 



103 



duller coloured ? the entire disc of the forewiu- above is dark chestnut, beneath light red-brown, only the 

 mar^nns of the wing remaining dark; all the veins are black in this brown disc. On the Inndwing, which 

 is black-brown above and somewhat lighter beneath, there appears in a certain light a but tanitly visible 

 band. — From East Sajan, according to Staudinger's surmise from the alpine region. 



E fasciata Bth: Size and shape as in ghciaUx, ground-colour sombre black-brown . with a russet- fasciata. 

 brown incomplete distal band which is traversed by the veins and has no ocelli. On the hmdwing there 

 is a crrey-brownish submarginal band extending from the costal to the hindmargin and being ot nearly 

 even width The russet-brown band is lighter and more prominent on the underside of the forewing , the 

 costal mar-in and part of the outer margin being thinly dusted with grej'. The hindwmg beneath more or 

 less dusted with grey at the base, the externally somewhat dentate central area being dark brown, the 

 submarginal band pale ashy grey and the distal area of the same colour as the central area. T he ? is 

 lic^hter throughout, the forewing having a brownish tint and a somewhat longer and broader submargina 

 band on the hindwing the basal area and the submarginal band whitish grey, the central area and distal 

 margin grey-brown. - From East Siberia: at Pokrofka and the mouth of the Jenisei, in June. 



E pronoe Esp. (= arachne Uhu.) (37 c). Dai'k black -brown, with a red -brown band which m pronoe. 

 anteriorly' broader and posteriorly narrower and bears costally 2 white-centred ocelli and towards the hind- 

 mar-in an additional smaller one. The band of the hindwing consists of 3 rounded russet-brown spots with 

 black eye-dots which have occasionally white pupils. Underside of the forewing sombre red-brown the 

 band lighter and distinctly contrasting; the distal margin and apex dusted with bluish grey. The hindwing 

 beneath bluish- or ashy- grey with black -brown dusting; the centre traversed by a curved , postenorly 

 broadly dentate, almost uniformly brown band which sharply borders the distal area. In the atter there 

 are one or two black blind ocelli. The ? is much lighter above and beneath, with the markings more 

 prominent than in the d^, the ocelli being larger and the base and submargmal band ot the hindwing 

 beneath liMit white-grey, the brown middle hand contrasting sharply. Distributed over the whole Alps, 

 occurring also in the Apennines, Pyrenees, Carpathian Mts., South and South-West Russia and the southern 

 slopes of the Caucasus. - In pitho Hbn (37c), which represents the species in the Swiss Alps and the P'^fto. 

 southern Jura, the markings of the upperside are either entirely absent or there is only a reddish tint as 

 a faint remnant of the same, the 2 ocelli near the apex are small and have minute white pupils Some 

 snecies have no ocelli, being simply dark black-brown with some violet sheen. Underside as in the first 

 described form - In the form almangoviae St,p: the subcostal ocelli, though present in the brown band, almangoviae. 

 are without distinct white pupils, those on the hindwing too having no white pupils or ohly traces ot such. 

 In the All-au — Egg barrel-shaped, ribbed, white. Larva dirty reddish yellow, with a dark dorsal hue, 

 the laterar markings consisting of streaks and the spiracles being black. From October to July on Poa. 

 Puna anteriorly bone -yellow marked with dark, abdomen cinnamon with dark incisions; so covered among 

 the roots of grass that only the head is visible (Gross - Steyer). The butterfly appears in August and 

 September, fluttering with a jerky flight in meadows and on grassy slopes of the moutain and alpine 

 regions. In some years not rare, occurring up to 6000 ft. in the high ranges. 



E epistygne Hbn. {= sfvgne Hba.) (37c). Above coffee-brown, costal margin dusted with grey; epistygne. 

 the forewing has usually a diffuse ^yellow spot in the cell and a broad, posteriorly narrowing, light ochreous, 

 submarginal band which is distinctly divided by the veins. There as 5-6 white-centred black ocelh in the 

 band 3 near the apex being larger and united and 3 placed further back smaller and having minute white 

 pupils. The submarginal band of the hindwing consists of 4-5 oval russet-red spots, each bearing a smal 

 white-centred ocellus. The forewing beneath russet-red, the distal band somewhat lighter and traversed 

 by the brown veins; costal and distal margins and the apex grey with browmsh atoms. The hindwing 

 4ev- brown beneath, dusted with grey and dark brown, the middle band is darker than the basal and 

 distal areas and distally crenate, the ocelli being represented in the latter by black dots The ? is not 

 essentially different from the c/ on the upperside, the ground-colour is somewhat lighter, the spots ot the 

 distal band of the hindwing are not russet-red, but more reddish yellow, the ocelh situated in the same 

 having larger and brighter pupils. The underside of the hindwing white-grey, dusted with brown, the 

 middle band strongly prominent, being distally edged with white, the veins traversing the same white-grey. 

 Specimens from South Spain are essentially brighter in markings, the submarginal band of the forewmg 

 is broader and extends with almost even width to the hindmargin, not being ochreous but light whitish 

 yellow; otherwise the markings are not different. - The butterfly occurs from the beginning of Mareh 

 to the end of April in South France, the Basses Alpes, and in Central and South Spain. 



E eoante Esp {=-- scaea llbn) (37 c). Upperside marked as in lurinc, but the ocelli as a v\A& goante. 

 somewhat" smaller and the hindwing of the ? more distinctly dentate. The band of the forewmg narrows 

 posteriorly, being bright russet in the & and light russet-yellow in the ?. There are 2 united, white- 

 centred, black ocelli near the apex of the forewing, and above them there is sometimes a black ocelliform 

 dot which has but rarely a pupil. Towards the hindmargin there is a further small oceUus, which has 



