P,M. 3. VIII. 0.^. EREBIA. By G. Eifpinger. 109 



E. disa Tliunh. (= eiiibla Bokd., gefion Quern., stheno Hbn., mancinus Dbl.) (37 b). Ground-colour disa. 

 as in embla, to whicli it bears a great resemblance. The black eye-spots before the distal margin of the 

 forewing are smaller and have but rarely white puijils. The reddish yellow rings in which the ocelli are 

 situated are united, being sometimes merged together to form a distinct band. In the ? the costal margin, 

 apex and part of the distal margin are dusted with whitish grey. The hindwing is uniformly grey-brown 

 and without markings in both sexes. The yellow rings are separated on the underside of the forewing and 

 the black ocelli situated in them are often minutely centred with white, though not always. The whitish 

 grey scaling at the apex and distal margin is denser than above. The hindwing beneath is more or less 

 white-grey, bearing a broad median band which is dentate on the in- and outside. Between this band and 

 the distal margin there is an arched brown line interrupted at the veins. The fringes chequered brown 

 and grey. — In Scandinavia, Lapponia, Finland, North Russia and Siberia, in Julj'. 



E. rossii Curt. Shape and size as in dim. Ground-colour dark black-brown, the fringes but little rossii. 

 lighter, while they are chequered brown and grej- in disa. On the forewing there is towards the apex an 

 oval russet-brown spot with 2 black ocelli, there being further back sometimes 2 further brown rounded spots 

 with black dots. These spots occur mostly in the ?, but rarely in the cf. The hindwing of the cT is 

 either without markings, or there are 3, obsolescent, ])rown-edged, submarginal dots, which are larger in 

 the ? and ringed with lighter brown. The forewing beneath sombre red-brown, the fore and distal margins 

 being dark brown, the ocelli sometimes centred with white. The underside of the hindwing dark brown, 

 thinl}' dusted with white-grey, bearing an obsolescent dark median band. In front of the cross-vein there 

 is usually a roundish white spot, which may also be absent, and behind it in the distal area there are 

 2 — 3 smaller spots of the same colour. Antenna black-bro^vn with narrow club. In East Siberia, in the 

 Altai and Dauria, in the alpine region, end of June and July. — In ero Brem. the underside of the hind- ero. 

 wing is more densely dusted with whitish grej', the brown dentate liand and the dark distal area therefore 

 being more prominent than in the form rossii. — The butterfly occurs on stony and rocky slopes; in the 

 Altai it is in many places with Argynnis freija the most abundant buttertlj', but not easy to obtain in good 

 condition, though it is easy to catch (Elwes). 



E. edda Men. {^= intermedia Tri/boni) (35 c). Wings above coifee-brown , darker towards the base, edda. 

 distall}' with a russet-brown sheen. There is before the apex a large rounded reddish 3'ellow spot bearing 

 a black ocellus composed of two and having two small white ]nipils. The hindwing is without markings. 

 On the forewing beneath the yellow spot is larger and lighter than above, being more ochre -yellow, the 

 double ocellus having bright white pupils, 'i'he hindwing beneath dark brown, thinly dusted with whitish, 

 especially towards the costa. At the apex of the cell a rounded white spot , and before the distal margin 

 3 — 4 white dots. Antenna black-brown above, finely ringed with white and brown beneath, except the 

 russet-brown club. The sexes are the same in markings and size, but the yellow spot of the forewing is 

 paler in the ? than in the cf. Elwes found some specimens with accessor}' ocelli below the large subapical 

 ocellus. — This species is the first of that group of Erebias which come nearest to the preceding genus 

 (Callerebia). It resembles Ca/lerebia also in that it is not a reallj' alpine insect, but occurs more in the hills. 

 In East Siberia, in the Amur-district according to Graeskk in June and July in swampy woods, but rare. 

 Verj' local in the Altai, but abundant in some places, occurring already as low down as 4000 ft. It flutters 

 with a weak flight among the grass, always setthng on stones in dry brooks. 



E. cyclopius AV. (35 c). Upperside grey-brown. The forewing lias on botli surfaces a subapical, cyc/opius. 

 nearly circular, black ocellus with 2 white pupils and ochre-j'eliow border. The underside of the forewing 

 is somewhat lighter than above and the yellow border of the eje-spot is nmch wider, the apex of the wing 

 being feebly dusted with bluish grey. The hindwing beneath at the base Hkewise dusted with bluish grej' 

 for a considerable distance; a submarginal band bluish ashy gre}', in some places interrupted by the 

 ground-colour. The ocelli of the $ are larger and more broadly ringed with yellow than in the cf', the apex 

 of the wing being more densely dusted with grey-l)lue. Antenna ringed black and white, the club russet- 

 yellow. — In the Ural, Altai, and Kentei Mts., on the Amur and its tributaries, and on Askold; in Mav, 

 June and July in damp pine-woods, locally abundant. The largest specimens occur on Askold, having an 

 especially large subapical ocellus. 



E. tristis Brem. (:= wanga Brem.) (35c). Verj' similar to the preceding, with which it agrees in tn'stis. 

 size, shape and ground-colour. The 3'ellow border of the double ocellus is nanower and somewhat dull in 

 the cf, and broader and light yellow in the ?. The border of the ocellus is yellow on the underside of 

 both sexes, being broader than above. The hindwing beneath is thinly dusted with whitisii in the cf and 

 bears a small white spot at the apex of the cell. In the ? the underside of the hindwing is more densely 

 dusted with whitish, the dark dentate median jjand therefore being more prominent than in the cf, in which 

 sex it contrasts but little with the ground. Before the distal margin there is an arched, narrow, dark 

 dentate line, proximally to which there is a small white dot each in celhiles 2 and 4. The antenna thinly 



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