128 



SATYRUS. By Dr. A. Seitz. 



in the ? sex , but the 



being interrupted below 



The band of the hind- 



are placed one behind the other. — In Anterior Asia, especially Syria, Asia Minor and Armenia, in Persia, 



Afghanistan, and Beluchistan; in May, locally very abundant. 



mniszechii. S. mniszechii H.-Sehaff'. (43 e). Very similar to the preceding, especially 



reddish yellow band of the forewing with the proximal edge less straight, neither 



the apical ocellus as in the ]ielopea-ioYn\& , nor strongly constricted as in tclephassa. 



wing more even than in tclephassa, almost reaching the costal edge. At the anal angle of the hindwing 



above there are always 2 distinct small white spots. Underside more uniformly sandy grey or sandy brown in 



herridiii. both sexes. Size exacth- as in fc/ephansa. East-coast of the Black Sea, and Asia Minor. — In herrichii 



Stijr., from North Persia and Turkestan, the fringes are white, tiie bands of the upperside broader and 



baldiva. brighter red -yellow; the hindwing beneath grey, the markings being more distinct in the cf. — baldiva 



Moore closely resembles te/i'p/iassa in the o^, but is at once recognizable by the brand in the cell of the 



forewing not being black, but hardly different from the ground-colour and therefore inconspicuous. The 



sagina. ocellus before the outer margin is often wanting or very small; Tibet. — In sagina Bfihl on the other hand 



tiie ocelli of the forewing are exceptionally large; the distal band, moreover, is darker and in the cf 



tehana. traversed by dark veins ; Turkestan. — lehana Moore (43 f) has on the upperside very pure yellowish red 



bands, which are proximally paler in the ?; beneath the fore- and hindwing have nearly the same sandy 



yellow ground-colour; the anal ocellus of the hindwing is completely absent from both sides in cf and ?, or 



turkestana. tliere is in its place only a single small dot; Kashmir, Ferghana. — turkestana Gr.-Grsh. Forewing more 



obtuse, with the ocelli of the upperside blind, there being no white dots between them; hindwing darker, 



the markings of the underside being more washed out and less distinct; fringes yellowish brown; in 



tarhagata. Turkestan and the eastern Tianshan. — In tarbagata ^tgr. (= alpina Stgr.), from the Tianshan, the bands 



atlantis. are narrower and darker. — On the contrary atlantis Aust. {:= maroccana Meade -Waldo) (43 f), from 



higher altitudes of the Maroccan Atlas, has very light and broad bands, the margin of the hindwing being 



very feebly scalloped. — A form which is very similar to the la.st , has an extremely broad band , very 



pale ground-colour and entireh^ white fringes, occurs in West China; as none of the diagnoses known to 



clarissima. me exactly fit this insect, it may be named clarissima form. nov. (43 f, g). 



All the foi'ms of mmszechii occur commonly at their flight-places, many even in large numbers. The 

 tlight-time is June and July, in Kashmir again September. In the latter country this second generation has 

 been observed of lehana ; whether also the forms of Anterior Asia tly again late in the autumn , is not 

 known to me. atlantis has been found in July, having most probably only one brood. 



S. pelopea Klur) (43 f). Similar to the preceding as well as the telephassn - forms ; but at once 

 recognized by the reddish yellow distal band of the forewing being widely interrupted below the apical ocellus 

 by the dark groimd-colour. On the hindwing the band is duller brownish yellow. The cf has a small 

 dark brand in the cell. The underside of the hindwing is dark earth-grey, being in the large Armenian 

 form caucasica Led. (= kirgisa Gerh.) even entirely deep blackish grey. From the Lebanon. — In the 

 form kurdistana Str/r., from the Taurus, the distal band is so much shaded that it contrasts but slightly 

 with the ground-colour, the band being on the contrary broad and very fiery yellowish red in tekkensls 

 Ruhl-Heijne from Turkestan. — In persica i^tcjr. (43 f) the costal portion of the band on the forewing is 

 almost obsolete, there remaining in tiie cf only a yellowish red cloud around tlie eye-dots, and the under- 

 side of the hindwing is ash-colour; from the Achat -Tekke district. — scharuhdensis >^tgr., from Armenia 

 and the highlands of Persia, also has the underside of the hindwing ashy grey, but intermixed with whitish, 

 and has more distinct arcuate zigzag lines. On the upperside the distal band is not only not reduced as 

 in persica, but extends in the ? far into the disc of the hindwing. — pelopea and its forms are on the 

 wing in June and July, occurring on barren heights and rocky plateaus and settling on boulders or bare 

 sandy places. They are not rare in tlieir flight-places, their underside varying in colour according to the 

 tint which the prevalent kind of rock lends to the soil. 

 alpina. S. alpina stgr. (= olga Gerh.). Similar to the preceding species, especially mniszechii, of which it 



is perhaps only a variety. The yellowish red band rather broad, vivid, non-interrupted, proximally very 

 evenly defined; the band is also distinct on the hindwing, not reaching the margins of the wing. On the 

 underside the hindwing is very uniformly dark earth-brown, only the band of the upperside shghtly shining 

 through. As in most forms of the present group there are two small white spots between the dark eye- 

 dots, being usually rather large and distinct; specimens in which these white spots are especially small 

 have been named ab. guriensis by Staudinger. — The species appears to be distributed over the whole chain 

 of the Caucasus, and occurs on stony slopes during the summer till the beginning of August (Romanoff). 

 anthelea. S. anthelea Hbn. ( = telephassa Dup.) (43 g). cf with a white band which is only distally shaded with 



reddish yellow, and with a black smear-like brand in the cell; the hindwing beneath marmorated with grey, 

 bearing on the disc an irregular, liand-like, white spot. The $ has a bright ochre-yellow distal band, which 

 extends on the forewing as a long and broad smear over the disc into the brown-grey ground-colour to 

 near the base. These forms are the commoner ones. There occur, however, also cfcf with tlie bands 

 syriaca. strongly washed with yellow; this is al). syriaca Biihl ; in Asia Minor, especially alnmdant in the Taurus, 



pelopea. 



caucasica. 



kurdistana. 



tekkensis, 



persica. 



sc/uiruh- 

 iiensis. 



