164 APATURA. By H. Stichel. 



not being ocellus-like, the median band of the hindwing is narrower and its proximal edge curved, the wing- 

 surface without gloss; the ground-colour of the underside greenish, the markings very peculiar, almost recalling 

 those of Argynnis paphia. — Only 1 S known, from Chia-ku-ho, July, found at an altitude of about 520 m. 



fasciola. A. fasciola Leech (51a) has the same wing-shape and is also without blue gloss, hut has on the dark brown 



wings but a single common ochreous middle band, which on the forewing is broken in the centre and anteriorly 

 produced into an obtuse tooth projecting towards the outer margin. The underside is brownish, with a darker 

 median line, which corresponds to the proximal edge of the bands of the upperside and is distally shaded with 

 whitish and grey; in the forewing there is a whitisli subapical spot and below it a row of small light spots, 

 tiie anal area of the hindwing being slightly shaded with white and bearing a yellow-ringed eye-spot. The sexes 

 do not appear to differ, the ? being only a little larger. — Central China: Chang-yang, in July and August; 

 West China: Omei-shan, Kwei-chow. 



falva. A. fulva Leech (51a) is a subspecies of uliipi Doherty from Assam. Ground-colour leather-brown, without 



lustre, the sparse markings dark brown; the underside dull ochreous, the markings of the upperside reappearing 

 as dark shadows, a spot in the anal area of the forewing developed to an ocellus, the hindwing witli a whitish 

 green tint in some places, bearing in the distal area a row of small white spots, at the edge a dark double line, 

 of which the inner one is broadened by dark shading, and in the anal area a small ocellus-like spot. — West 

 China : Omei-shan, Kwei-chow. 



nvcteis. A. nyctcis Men. (51c) has less elongate wings than the preceding species, differing very considerably 



from the same, resembling certain species of the genus Athyma on the upperside, especially in the cell of the 

 forewing bearing a white longitudinal streak along the median vein. Underside violet-brown, with the markings 

 of the upperside reappearing, but partly widened and of a white colour which has almost a mother-of-pearl 

 gloss; in the basal area of the hindwing there is anteriorly a long curved white spot, between the middle band 

 and the submarginal row of spots there is a row of bluish white spots in the dark ground-colour. $ similar to (J, 

 larger, rarely with a row of red-brown spots near the outer margin of the hindwing. An apparently rare form 

 cassiope. of this species is ab. cassiope Men. (51c), in which the white spots in the central area of the forewing are so much 

 enlarged as to form an almost continuous, broad, strongly curved band; the middle band of the hindwing, too, 

 is essentially dilated. Larva slug-like, dark green, laterally with light oi)lic[ue stripes, segments 6 — 12 each 

 with 2 thorny processes, those on segments 6, 8 and 11 being longer and thicker than tiie others, at the apex 

 of the bodv 2 long, pointed processes; on the head 2 long thorny horns, which terminate each in 2 roundish 

 knobs directed forward; head and back with single small short thorns, which are longest on the sides of the 

 head, where they also stand more closely together; the parts of the body ventrally of the spiracles clothed with 

 minute yellowish hairs; ventral surface paler than the back; length of the adult larva 52 mm. In June on Elm. 

 Pupa whitish green like that of ilia and iris, but bearing a row of obtuse tubercles on the sliarply keeled dorsal 

 side of the abdomen (according to Graser). — Amurland, Ussuri, Sutchan, Corea. 



leechi. A. chevana Moore, form North India, is represented in China by the subspecies leechi Moore (= chevana 



Leech) (51b). The wings are broader than in the preceding species, but the markings are similar. The upperside 

 is darker than in the nymotypical subspecies, the disc being shot with deep blue in certain lights, all the 

 markings narrower and purer white. The underside recalls A. ambica by its shining whitish blue ground-colour 

 and resembles in markings the next species. In the $ the blue lustre is absent, the markings are broader and 

 pale yellow. — West China: Mupin; Central China: Chang- Yang. 



sdirenckii. A. schrenckii Men. (51b). Upperside black-brown; markings of the fore^^ing white, a spot at the hind- 



margin bluish, being connected with the white discal markings by a russet-red double spot situated in front 

 of it; on the hindwing a very broad white band which is bordered all round by iridescent-blue scaling, at the 

 distal margin a row of bluish white spots, the posterior ones being indistinct. The dark ground of both wings 

 shot with blue in certain lights. $ larger, ground-colour duller, with a greenish sheen, before the hindmargin 

 of the forewing an abbreviated brownish band instead of the bluish spot. The underside of the hindwing of 

 both sexes light blue with silvery gloss, and with an olive-brown, black-edged transverse band and brown border. 

 Larva pale green, in habitus similar to a very large larva of A. ilia and almost like that of nycteis; on the back 

 of segments 5, 7 and 10 there are two wart-like tubercles which bear a small hook, at the apex of the body 

 a fork formed of 2 thin processes, which are longer tlian in the European species of Apatura. On Ostrya. Pupa 

 fastened on the upperside of a leaf, its shape and colour as in the allied species (according to ROhl and Graser). 

 — Amurland, Ussuri, Corea. 



subalba. A. subalba Pouj. (51c) stands somewhat apart from the series of allied species and recalls very much 



Helcyra. Upperside uniformly black-brown, with some dull white spots; the underside silvery white, slightly 

 bluish, with a brownish spot in the hinder angle of the forewing, the white spots of the upperside slightly 



