

180 - LIMENITIS. By H. Stichel. 



whitish submarginal band. In the ?, according to Leech, the cell-streak and the bands narrower, the spots 

 smaller; underside more abundantly chestnut-brown. Central China: Chang-Yang. 



cydippe. N. cydippe Leech (55c) resembles above antilope, but is larger, the sul)apical spots of the forewing are 



isolated, and there are some yellowish smears at the costal margin above the ape.x of the cell-streak; hindwing 

 with 2 bands with entire edges. The markings are less sharp beneath, the spots and median band of the liindwing 

 whitish, discal area of the forewing and costal area of the hindwing russet-brown, a stripe of the same colour 

 beyond the median band; the latter ends anteriorly with some violet spots, at the apex of the wing there are 

 indications of several zigzag lines , and in the dull ochreous yellow marginal area there is an obsolescent 

 yellowish submarginal band. — West China: Wa-shan, Pu-tsu-fong; Central China: Chang- Yang. 



aradme. N. aractine Leech{bbh) appears to be specifically distinct from the preceding, with which it occurs together. 



The spots of the forewing are enlarged, the double spot in the central area anteriorly more approaches the apex 

 of the cell-streak, the pattern in this character agreeing more with that of antigone; on the underside there are 

 sharply defined red-brown zigzag and undulating lines in the marginal area of both wings, which in the preced- 

 ing species are only visible at the apex of the wing. The median band of the hindwing is more longitudinal, 

 broader, not inclining anteriorly towards the costa, but ending near the apex. West China: Omei-shan, Wa- 

 giddeneme. shan, Wa-ssu-kow, Moupin, Siaolou, and Central China: Chang- Yang, 900 — 1800 m. — giddeneme Oberth. is a 

 smaller race from Tsekou, which is more uniformly yellow above and has all the reddish markings less prominent. 

 neinorosa. — nemorosa 6)/)e/-/A. (55c, erroneously named nemonim on the plate) is another but slightly different form, in 

 which the spots of the underside are more whitish, the median band remains anteriorly paler and the markings 

 in the marginal area are more prominent. Moreover the space between the dark zigzag lines, which are partly 

 separated into acute arcs, is filled up with paler yellowish scaling. Siaolou, Lulsekiang. 



aspasia. N. aspasia Leech (55c) belongs to a group which stands apart, the (J(J being characterized by a broad, 



unicolorous, grey, slightly glossy costal area to the liindwing, the group being named Phaedyma by Felder. 

 The forms of this species are chiefly found in the eastern part of the Indo-Australian Archipelago, aspasia 

 is above very similar to arachne, but the pale ochreous yellow cell-streak is continued at the bent of the 3. radial 

 by a hook directed backwards, the subapical spots are isolated, the hindmarginal spot is small and dull, the 

 median band of the hindwing ends in the (J at the grey costal area, the submarginal band is narrow. $ with 

 rounder wings, otherwise similar to the cj, except that the grey costal area of the hindwing is absent. — West 

 China: Omei-shan; Central China: Chang- Yang, July; province of Kweichow. 



bieti. N. bieti Oberth. (55d) is the Palaearctic representative of a small group of species which were united by 



Moore under the generic title Rahinda and are particularly found in the Indo-Malayan territories. Upperside 

 of the wings brown with ochreous yellow markings as follows: on the forewing a long streak from the base 

 along the median vein beyond the apex of the cell, a subapical double spot and two single spots before the 

 hinder angle; on the hindwing a continuous transverse band from the middle of the liindmargin to near the apex, 

 and a narrow, somewhat duller, submarginal band. Underside pale brown, greenish in places, with the markings 

 as above, but broader and paler. — West China: Ta-tsien-lu. 



raddei. fj. raddei Brem. (55d) stands entirely apart in facies; a remai'kable species, which must be placed in the 



present genus as it agrees with the same in its morphological characters. Moore has erected for its reception 

 a special genus, Aldania. Ground-colour white, dusted with grey-brown at the margins, the ])ase and along 

 the veins, the veins themselves blackish, a row of dark lunules along the margin, being especially distinct on 

 the underside. — Amurland: Bureja Mts., Ussuri. 



4. Genus: liimeuitis F. 



Larger butterflies of stout built. Head large; eyes naked or hairy; palpi rather small, porrect; antennae 

 strong, half the length of^'the forewing, clubbed. Forewing a right-angled triangle, with rather pointed apex, 

 subcostal with 5 branches, 2 before the apex of the cell' or the 2. from the upper angle, the 3. far beyond cell; 

 1. discocellular absent or very short, the cell usually open oder closed by a thin transverse vein; the position 

 of the subcostals and discocellulars is variable, often different even in the sexes of the same species (L. rivularis)\ 

 median vein near the base with a spur directed distad, which however is not always distinct (L. populi). 

 Hindwing almost a triangle, with curved sides; precostal simple, originitating exactly at the point where the 

 subcostal branches off, curved outward; cell open. 



Egg globular, ribbed. Larva either with braiiched thorns on fleshy warts, and a row of spikes round 

 the head, or with setiferous fleshy processes and cleft (bifid) head. Pupa broad and stout, suspended, or fastened 



