184 LIMEXITIS. By H. Stichel. 



mimica. L. mimica Pouj. (= Hestina oberthueri Leech) (60a als oberthueri) somewhat recalls L. misippus F. 



from North America, but the ground-colour is whitish, partly dusted with blackish, especially on the forewing, 

 the veins and distal margin black. In the marginal area of the forewing there is a row of white spots, which 

 becomes double anteriorly, the hindwing bearing a double row of such spots. The underside is paler, the spots 

 nearest the margin are almost square, otherwise the markings as above. The facies is quite that of a species of 

 Hestina oder Diagora, the upperside also somewhat recalling certain characteristics of L. cottini. The 2 resembles 

 the (J, but the wings are rather more rounded. In some ^S the white markings are almost entirely dusted with 

 blackish. — West and Central China. 



ciocolatina. L^ ciocolatina Pouj. (= livida Leech) (56e). Closely allied to the follo\\'ing species. The upperside black, 



the forewing with an elongate bluish spot in the cell, a curved row of grey bluish discal spots (too blue on the 

 plate) and two rows of greyish blue submarginal spots; hindwing with 5 band-like rows of grey spots, of which 

 the 2 proximal rows (on the disc) appear washed out, while the third consists of more or less distinctly marked 

 halfmoons; at the anal angle a reddish brown ocellus with black centre. Underside for the greater part red- 

 brown, with white-edged dark bands, and bluish white spots on the forewing, which correspond to those of the 

 upperside. The 2 not known. — West China: Omei-shan, Wa-ssu-kou, Pu-tsu-fong; June, July, at altitudes 

 of from 900 to 3000 m. 



popiili. L_ populi L. (56d). ^■. upperside black-brown, forewing with indistinct cell-spot, a curved row of discal 



spots and a straight row in the marginal area, all white or whitish: besides with a feebl ■ brownish spot at the cell- 

 end and a double row of submarginal spots, of which the anterior ones are reddish, while the others are bluish 

 or grey. Hindwing with a narrow whitish median band, a row of red-brown lunules in the marginal area and a 

 double row of bluish spots at the margin. Underside for the most part light red-brown, with the markings 

 of the upperside repeated in a grey-greenish tint, the margin of both wings greenish grey with a black undulate 

 line, and near it two rows of black spots, which are less developed on the forevsing; basal and abdominal areas 

 of the hindwing more or less grey-green, there being some black transverse bars in the anterior half of the basal 

 area. The $ larger, the spots of the forewing considerably wider, purer white, the median band of the hindwing 

 much broader, transsected by the dark veins, the markings near the margin more prominent, glossy metallic 

 green; the median band varies from greenish white to yellowish, being in some cases even deep yellow (Spuler). 

 Central Europe (exclusive of England and the Netherlands), South Scandinavia. Finland, Denmark, Livonia, 

 Russia, otj in which the upperside is black with the subapical spots developed and the markings near the 

 tremiilae. margin vestigial are ab. tremulae Esp.*). Everywhere among the ordinary form, locally even prevalent (Baden). 

 The 5? which belong here are devoid of a distinct band on the hindwing and have the white spots of the forewing 

 diliita. dusted with black. In both sexes there occur transitional specimens, ab. diluta Spider (56 c as tremulae), which 

 have, besides the spots of the discoidal area, only darkened smears in the marginal cellules above and beneath. 

 defasciata. ^^ defasciata Schultz is like tremulae, but the median band of the hindwing is indistinct or obsolete; rare in nature. 

 radiata. ^b. radiata Schultz bears also but 2 white subapical spots on the forewing, and 2 russet-red spots in the anal 

 angle of the hindwing. the upperside being otherwise black. Beneath the light»spots at the apex and the light 

 median band of the forewing are replaced by the russet-red ground-colour, the light costal spot and the basal one 

 being filled in with black. On the hindwing the median band is absent, the wing being russet-red from the base 

 to the greenish marginal band, and the veins being bordered with blackish brown radiating streaks: rare in nature, 

 monodiroma. more often artifically produced, transitions also being known, ab. monochroma .l/(7/s is a form of the same direc- 

 tion of development; the upperside is quite black, only at the margin there is an uncertain greenish tint, the 

 underside for the greater part is red-brown with same black spots and stripes and at the distal margin a greenish 

 suberrima. band; found singly in Galicia. In the otherwise normally marked ab. suberrima Schultz the russet-red markings 

 in the apex of the forewing and along the distal margin of the hindwing are intensified: found singly in nature. 

 — The egg is oval, ribbed, and is usually deposited singly at the tip of leaves of Populus tremula L., as a rule 

 at a moderate height above the ground. The young larva is brown, resting on a silky pad on the upperside of 

 a leaf along the midrib and eats both sides of the leaf from the tip: later it selects the stalk of a leaf as resting 

 place. It hibernates in a leaf drawn together to form a cylinder, according to other observations in a boat- 

 shaped web at the tip of twigs. In the spring it is found on the upper- and underside of leaves and also on 

 leaved twigs. Adult 48 — 50 mm long, green with dark shades, the head anteriorly red-brown, laterally black, 

 with two projections; on the back two rows of hairy tubercles or rounded warts, of which the first pair is longer 

 than the others; segments 5 and 7, moreover, bear each a pair of bright green patches with white dots. When 

 the head is stretched forward two yellow intersegmental rings become visible. The pupa is suspended from the 

 upperside of a leaf; yellowish, shaded with brown, head and thorax tnherculate, the anterior abdominal segments 

 ■with hatchet-like brownish excrescences. The butterfly appears the end of June and in July, usually comes 

 down to drink at damp places on the ground only in the morning, remaining later more in the crowns of the 

 trees, sitting with spread wings on the leaves. It loves malodorous animal matter, being for instance attracted 



*) PI. 56 row e named tremulae represents a transitional specimen, whicii belongs to ab. diluta. 



