ARGYNNIS. By Dr. A. Seitz. 241 



is explained by the fact that the $$ fly not only at a different time but in different places than the cj,^. These 

 fly in July and August with a quick flight along the roads and the edges of woods; at such places I have never 

 seen a ?. On the other hand I found in August the groups of thistles in pine-woods so densely covered with 

 $$that not a single bunch of thistles was without them; and I caught there only once a single worn^, the middle 

 of August. In the same places I also found at the same time (still in August) very large ?? of Limenilis Camilla 

 japonica (57b), so that I mistook the sagana liane ?? for Limenilis in spite of the totally different flight, recog- 

 nizing them only when they settled on thistles. The Chinese sagana fly in company with quite a number 

 of similarly coloured species of Apatiira, Limenilis and Pantoporia, so that one is easily taken in, if one does 

 not pay close attention to the mode of flight. 



A. anadyomene Fldr. (= ella Brein., midas Btlr.) (70d, 71b, c). At once recognizable by the peculiar anadyomene. 

 shape of the hindwing , the costa is nearly straight, being almost without a trace of curvature. Above like 

 laodice, leather-yellow, evenly dotted with black, the $ bearing a white spot before the apex. The hindwing 

 beneath is shaded with silvery grey, having a strong metallic green gloss and being without the distinct silver- 

 bands of paphia. Throughout Eastern Asia; first described from China, but also occurring in Tibet, Amurland, 

 Corea and Japan, ab. crassipunctata f/-;(^.s<. are specimens with largerspots above, which occur among the other- crassi- 

 wise very constant nymolypical form (Leech). — Specimens from the island of Tsushima Fruhstorfer names punctata. 

 prasoides; the subapical spots on the forewing above of the ^ are smaller than in specimens from China and prasoides. 

 Japan; in the $ the basal area of the upperside is more abundantly dusted with light green and the hindwing 

 beneath has a deeper sea-green tinge. — The species is very abundant in most localities in the warmer districts 

 of Eastern Asia, but does not appear to go very far north; though being still plentiful on Askold, it is accor- 

 ding to Graeser already rare near Wladiwostock, which is hardly further north. They fly somewhat later 

 than sagana; in October I still found worn (J (J and numerous $$ together with true autumnal species such as 

 Vanessa glauconia, species of Calocala and Arhopala. They closely resemble on the wing the dark paphia $ 

 occurring there. 



A. paphia. Above fiery reddish yellow in the ^ , the forewing rather pointed , with three distinct 

 scent-streaks. The ? has rounder wings and is somewhat shaded with greyish green above. In nymotypical 

 paphia L. the hindwing beneath is verdigris, with a metallic gloss and broad silver-bands, which are partly paphia. 

 somewhat curved. The $-f. valesina Esp. (71a), which is the ordinary form in the East, but is local in Central valesina. 

 Europe or occurs here only as a rarity among ordinary specimens, has the upperside, particularly of the 

 hindwing, shaded with dark scaling, which has sometimes a blue sheen. — In the extreme south of Europe 

 the hindwing beneath is devoid of silver, the bands being dull ochreous on an often feebly green ground; this 

 is anargyra Stgr. (71a), which is the only or prevalent form in Greece, Corsica, Sardinia and Southern Spain, anargyra. 

 — However, also in Central Europe there occur occasionally specimens in company of ordinary ones in which 

 the bands of the underside have lost the silvery gloss; this is ab. immaculata Bell., which is otherwise normal, immaculata. 

 Sometimes the characters of valesina and anargyra are combined in specimens from the localities of the latter; 

 this is ab. atroviridis Kollm. — The most magnificent form without silver is the one from North Africa; the atroviridis. 

 (J has the upperside fiery red; the hindwing beneath is beautifully bright yellow, sometimes without any trace 

 of green, in other individuals with greyish green bands. The $ differs less from Central and North European 

 specimens, but has the hindwing more strongly dentate, as is also the case in the (J. This is diva Oherth. diva. 

 (79e). — Towards east one meets already in Eastern Germany (Konigsberg) a modified form of paphia. In 

 Eastern Russia specimens with a darker upperside and more sharply defined silver-bands are a transition 

 towards the Asiatic forms: thalassata Fruhsl. — In Asia Minor (the Cilician Taurus) the (J is more red and the thalassata. 

 $ darker, of the colour of pandora, beneath both sexes are without the violet shade on the silver-bands; 

 this is delila Rob. — A very remarkable form with the metallic bands of the underside confluent occurs delila. 

 in the Caucasus: argyrorrhytes Alph. (71a), of which AlphSiraki has been so kind as to send me a argy- 

 description and figure; we add the former beneath. — Among the Eastern-Asiatic forms we find paphioides roir/tytes. 

 Btlr. but little different from the European form; it is larger, and the $ is darker, although not so dark ^"^ 

 as valesina; from Japan, where I still met with quite worn specimens as late as October at Hiogo. — 

 tsushimana Fruhsl. (70e) is according to Fruhstorfer, the most beautifully coloured of all the paphia-ioTms tsushimana. 



*) At-gyttnis paphia L. ah. arffi/ron-hi/ies ah. nov. The proximal half of the hindwing beneath is entirely silvery, the 

 outer half being as in ordinary paphia. The rows of black dots on both sides of the forewing are reduced, the two external 

 rows being feebly indicated on the underside in one of the two cfcf and almost absent in the other o^. In the 2 these rows 

 of dots are less reduced than in the cfcf- The cf' figured was caught by S. Alpheraky near Jelesnowodsk in the northern 

 Caucasjs in June 1874 and a fine pair came from the Gouvernement Poltawa (southern Russia), where it was obtained by a 

 zealous young Lepidopterist, A. N. Awinov. Mr. Awinov caught in the same locality a second q^ which forms a transition 

 to argyrorrhytes and has, which is worthy of note, the black dots already reduced. 



