Piibi. 11. I. una. POLYCAENA; ZEMEROS. By Di. A. Seitz. 253 



H. mutata Lrecli (89 a). Alcove very similar to Nemeohitis lucina , but l)oth wings with a distinct mutata. 

 black distal border. The hindwing beneath is black, with 2 irregular white bands, one abbreviated and 

 near the base, the other between central and outer areas, The ? above somewhat less black, otherwise very 

 similar to the cf. - From Sze-chuen, at a considerable altitude, in July. The specimens from the high 

 plateau north of Ta-tsien-lu are somewhat smaller than typical specimens from Pu-tsu-fong. Also recorded 

 from Eastern Tibet (OberthOr). 



H. lama Leech (89 a). Larger and darker than the previous. Only in the ? the upperside has still lamn. 

 the red-brown colour of A', lucina, while the cf is entirely sooty black, apart from some small scattered 

 yellow discal spots and the reddish yellow submarginal row of spots. The hindwing beneath ivory-yellow, 

 spotted with black. From Sze-chuen and the neighbouring districts of Tibet. In specimens from the 

 Dshachar Mts. the reddish yellow spots are duller. In two broods, showing seasonal dimorphism according 

 to Oberthur. — The form lua Gr.-Grsh. (89b), from East Tibet and West-China, has also in tiie cf tiie liw. 

 upperside more extended red-yellow, especially the apical and disto-marginal areas of the forewing. 



H. princeps Ohn-th. (89 b). Above very similar to the preceding, but larger, the underside \^m-&v princeps. 

 ivory-colour, only spotted with black distally, proximally traversed Ijy black Hnes. — Sze-chuen; appears 

 to be very rare. 



H. carmelita Obn-th. is as large as princepi, but ditfers in the club of the antennae not ])earing a canndita. 

 white spot beneath. Upjierside reddish yellow, darker towards the ])ase ; a pale reddish yellow submarginal 

 band commences a little below the costa and extends to the distal margin, another band of the same colour 

 is irregular, commencing with a white costal spot and running beyond tiie apex of the cell towards the 

 hindmargin of the forewing. The cell of the forewing bears a reddish yellow spot and two black dots. 

 Underside like upper, but the markings are traversed by thin yellow lines situated on the veins. Sze- 

 chuen; appears to be rare and to occur only in single specimens, almost all the specimens bearing dates 

 of capture of different years. Not known to me. 



4. (4enus: IPolycaeua ^tijr- 



These small delicate and graceful buttertlies are already similar to the Lycaenids in facies and 

 habits, but the very thin and long antennae and the diflFerently developed reduced palpi distinguish them 

 at once. Since the separation of Ihjporlon there remains only one .species in Poli/caenu, but one may expect 

 that some more will be discovered, con.sidering the inaccessibility of Tibet and West China. 



P. tamerlana Stt/r. (89 b). A small form, in shape and size agreeing with Lycaena aMnirche, above tamcilana. 

 bluish grey with black dots, both wings bright brick-red before tiie broadly grey distal margin. Underside 

 almost like upper, but with a stronger yellow sheen. In Tibet and Turkestan. — timur ^tyr. (89 b) is above timur. 

 entirely reddish yellow, with a somewhat golden sheen; in the district of tiie Hi R. (Southern Siberia and North 

 Turkestai>). — teinir Gr.-Grsh. has a similar uniforml\- yellowish red upperside, but the hindmargin is not temir. 

 dusted with black as in fimxr and the black spots are usuall>- smaller. Fergliaiia. — Nothing is known of 

 the early stages. The buttertlies are said to fly very low above the ground and to show a preference for 

 settling on stones M-armed by the sun. 



5. Genus: Zeiiiero^ /^«/. 



Very peculiar small butterflies, with very long and thin antennae, broad and irregularly shaped 

 wings, which are irrorated with seriated small transparent dots, a character which we find again among the 

 American Erycinids in the very similar forms of the Nootropic genus Cah/dnfi. Head broad , almost as 

 wide as the thorax, the small eyes naked, widely separated by the very broad frons. The antennae 

 very long, with a small but distinct club; they are usually kept straight forward when at rest. Palpi small, 

 seen from above hardly reaching beyond the edge of the head. The thorax not broad, but hard, rather 

 strongly resisting the pressure of the fingers. Abdomen of the a' very slender. In the cf the distal margin 

 of the forewing is angulate at the apex, above and below the centre and at the hind angle, the hindwing 

 .bearing likewise a tooth in the centre. — Larva ovate, very flat, the segments distinctly separate. Pupa 

 likewise very flat, anteriorly broad and rounded, quite smooth, fastened by the cremaster and a girdle on 

 the underside of a leaf with the head towards the apex of the leaf. The butterflies occur on roads in the 

 forest, always flying only short distances ; they rest with half open wings on the upperside of leaves at road- 

 sides and on the white flowers of a Sambucus-like shrub (Martin). They are easy to catch, but are so wild 

 in the net that the>' cannot easily be killed, so that the majority of the specimens in collections are worn 

 (Fruhstorfer). 



I 32 



