■296 CHILADES. By Dr. A. Seik. 



or grev or yellowijb brown, and the number of ocelli may decrease from serveral jnirallel rows to feeble 

 traces (in the South-Chinese dry-season form). The species, however, is above all recognized by its large 

 size; it is by far the largest Zhera, attaining almost to the size of a medium-sized Lye. icarus. — The most 

 maha. western form is maha Koll. (79 c): the ocelli on its grey-brown underside are obsolete, only those of the 

 submarginal row of the forewing are large and distinctly developed. This is the rainy-season form in Baluchistan, 

 ossa. South Persia, the Punjab and Kashmir. The corresponding dry-season form is according to Bitlee ossa Swinh., 

 chandaJa. in which the wings are pale blue-grey above, chandala Moore, from Kashmir, is a transition to ossa. — • 

 diUtta. diluta Fldr. (5 = squalida Bilr.) is the more eastern form from India, which, if at all occurring on Pale- 

 arctic territory, may fly in sonth-eastern Tibet. It consists likewise of a larger, broad-margined wet form 

 argia. and a smaller, narrowly dark-edged dry form. — argia Mhi. (= alope Fent.) (79 d) is the usual Japanese, 

 form, recognizable by the large number of ocelli on the underside and a conspicuous pale colouring before 

 japoniea. the outer margui. The mime japonica Murr. (79 d) may be applied to the form which is paler above, has 

 no distinct marginal dots on the mulerside, and flies during the late summer. The black margin of the 

 opalina. iipperside, moreover, is considerably narrower. — The Continental form, opalina Pouj., corresponds to 

 japoniea; its qq are above almost whitish violet and ha^•e a quite narrow dark margin. This form, which 

 marginata. fUes in Tibet, Chma and southward to Burma, has marginata Pouj. as wet form; the latter is likewise 

 pale violet above, but has a broad black margin: an especially pale specimen was described by Ruber 

 caenilea ^* albocaerulea. — Larva bright green with dark green ground-colour, bearing extremely small whitish 

 warts and small, short, colourless hairs: found on Oxalis corniculata. Pupa very pale green, minutely 

 hairy, without markings, fastened to the tinderside of a leaf of the food-plant. The butterflies are on 

 the wing all through the year, with the exception of the cold season, in not only two broods, but a 

 whole series. An observation I have made on several occasions speaks against all these forms which 

 Leech united under maha being one species. Whereas I saw the <^^ of the »(oi/ia-forms generally 

 flying restlessly on grassy places. I found the argia-foims mostly qiiivtly resting, flying only a few yards 

 even when disturbed. This may have been due, however, to a difference in the seasons and the solution 

 of the question must be left to a critical monograph, of which Butler already gave a short sketch in 1890. 



prosecusa. Z. prosecusa Ersch. (82 h). Above similar to the preceding, the (J(J like the dry-forms of the preced- 



ing above purple-blue, with a narrow black border, recognizable by all the ocelli of the uniformly pale 

 grey underside being reduced to very feeble vestiges. The ?$ have a dark upperside. being almost black- 

 korlana. brown, nearly like the $$ of viinima. Turkestan. — In the form korlana Sitjr. (82 g, h), which is darker 

 beneath, the ocelli are nearly entirely effaced, and also the upperside is darker; from the Tian-shan. — 

 duplex, duplex AIpli. is larger than true proseeusa, and is perhaps a seasonal form; between Ak-su and the Lob- 

 Xor. at a height of about 3000 ft. 



gisela. Z. gisela Piing. In size varying between minima and its ab. magna: the o above blue, without 



gloss, before the outer margin of the hindwing obsolescent dots; fringes dark brown-gre}-. $ above black- 

 brown, the distal marginal dots of the hindwing recognizable by their feeble pale borders. Underside dull 

 brown, with the ocelli but weakly devMoped: forewing with a bar-like discocellular spot; between this 

 and the outer margin a nearlj- straight row of dots, behind this row two further rows of feeble shadowy 

 dots; on the hindwing the ocelli, dots and discocellular spot but weaklj' contrasting with the ground. 

 Very similar to the form duplex of prosecusa, smaller, duller blue, with weaker markings, recognizable 

 by the darker fringes. — Turkestan, not known to me in nature. 



32. Genus: Cliilade^ Moore. 



Very close to Lycaena, with which it agrees essentially in structure. Much less robust, the wings 

 as strongly rounded as in Zizera, some species moreover not larger than the smallest Zizera. The costal 

 of the forewing ends about the centre of the foremargin: subcostal not connected with it: cell of forewing 

 long, reaching beyond the centre of the wing, that of the hindwing short and broad. Body slender; 

 abdomen short. Palpi delicate, porrect. Antennae hardly half the length of the costal margin, thin, with 

 distinctly marked club. Larvae onisciform. green, without definite distinctions, the reversible organ short ; 

 guarded by ants. Pupa without special distinctions, fastened on the underside of the food-plant. The 

 butterflies have two broods, which differ from one another. They fly low and not fast, are generally 

 distributed in their area and mostly abundant wherever they occur. Only 2 — 3 species are known; they 

 are distributed over Asia, extending to South-East Europe and southward to Australia. The genus is 

 very artificial. 



trochylus. C. trochylus Frr. (= parva Moore) (77 k). Above dark brown, at once recognized by a red half- 



moon which is situated before the outer margin of the hindwing, bordered with black and interiorly 

 shaded with white. On the underside there are four black spots adorned with glittering green golden 

 scales in a red band before the distal margin of the hindwing: South-East Europe and Anterior Asia, 



