810 LYCAENA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 



absent; the base of the wings beneatli dusted with very glossy niftalhc scaling; ocelli similarly arranged as 



in astrarche, typical specimens bearing also a distinct white streak from the central spot of liindwing to 



outer margin. Throughout Europe, but sporadic, usually in places where Geranium grows, distributed from 



sppveri. the Pyrenees to the Pacific Ocean and from Scandinavia to Italy, absent from England, ab. speveri Hiisz 



(80 b, erroneously named privata) has the white median streak on the hindwing beneath, but no ocelli. — 



jyhjia. fylgia Spangb. (80 a, b) is a northern form (Lapland) in which the white median streak of the hindwing 



lieneath is absent. Occurs as exception also further south among the name-typical form, e. g. at Mainz 



pririilii. about 5 "„ (AxDREAS). al). privata Sfgr. is an aberration of it, in which, besides the median streak, also the 



submarginal ocelli are wanting or reduced to weak vestiges; such specimens occur as rarities witli the 



aberrational characters more or less well expressed in all localities, ])ut are said to lie a constant foim in 



(lulifpia. some places in Asia, e. g. in certain localities in Tibet, Kamtchatka, etc. — antiqua Stfir. (= eumedon 



(Ir.-fjrsh.) (SO b), from Ferghana, has the underside dust-grey instead of brown and the ocelli smallei'; the 



median streak of the hindwing lieneath is obsolete or but feebly vestigial. — Of accidental varieties, which 



occur especially often in the ocelli, we mention specimens with the ocelli distorted, or modified into rays 



albolinrarif. [radiata), or confluent {pihii). In ab. albolinearts Schultz the whole marginal area is dusted with white 



(Icalbntd. beneath; in ab. dealbata Schultz the whole underside of the hindwing is white excepting the greyish costal 



(ilbarinclii. area; ab. albociticta Schultz has the black discocellular spot of the forewing above thinly edged with white. 



Also transitional forms and combinations of various aberrational characters occur: e. g. privaia-aDecimen^ 



may have a white underside to the hindwing, or the ocelli may be absent on the forewing beneath and 



present on the hindwing (ab. subtus-impu7ictaia). etc. — Larva in the pods of Geranium. The butterflies 



occur from May till July, in the high Alps until August; they fly rather slowly and clumsily, nearly 



always about the flowers of Geranium, also passing the night asleep in the blossoms of the plants. During 



flight they move the wings very regularly up and down and often remain fluttering in the air in front of 



a flower before settling on it. The sexes are of equal frequency and appear to leave but unwillingly their 



flight-places, where one often meets with pairs in copula. They are found relatively much more rarely 



at the rills on the roads in the Alps than other, less abundant, species. 



domelii. L. donzelii Bdi\ (80 b). Scarcely so large as the smallest eumedon. Above black-lirown with dark 



discocellular spot and grey-brown fringes; in the ^ the upperside dusted with metallic blue-green, with the 

 exception of a very broad marginal area, which remains black. Underside grey, the ocelli being but little 

 prominent, on the hindwing almost obsolescent; from the base of the hindwing to near the centre of the 

 outer margin a wedge-shaped white streak. In the high Alps and in the north of Europe, as well as in 

 some of the Asiatic mountain-ranges (Ural, Tian-shan). — Specimens from East Russia (Kasan) are smaller, 

 with narrower border, above more greenish and beneath with a very feebly developed reddish yellow band; 



trtonalil' ^^^^^ ^^ septentrionalis Krulik. — Egg flattened, pure white, deposited on Geranium in July. The larva 

 emerges early in the spring and feeds in the stalks and buds; full-grown pale olive-green, covered with 

 short, whitish silky hair, on the sides three stripes darker than the ground and on the back a stripe yet 

 darker than these; the lower side-stripes are so arranged that the lowest of one segment is a continuation 

 of the next higher of the preceding segment^; the sides reddish at the stigmata, white at the outer edge. 

 Pupa pale olive-green with dark dorsal stripe, the wing-cases very transparent, bearing a minute reddish 

 network and small thin white hairs; fastened low down at the stalks of Geranium (Mc Dunnough). The 

 butterflies are on the wing in July and August, and ver\^ closeh' resemble L. eumedon in their habits of 

 flight, feeding, etc., but are far less plentiful. They occur only singly, usually resting quietly on a high- 

 grown flower of Geranium; when disturbed they settle again after a short while on the same or a neigh- 

 bouring blossom. Also this species is met with only in single specimens among the crowds of Alpine Blues 

 drinking at puddles, and generally only at a considerable altitude (Stilfser Joch, Zermatt, Simplon, Ma- 

 loya, etc.). 



hyacinthus. L. hyacinthus H.-Schdff. (80 b, c). Above similar to the preceding, the dark margin still broader, 



especially on the hindwing. Very different on the underside, being light blue-grey with rust-red marginal 

 spots, distinct ocelli and on the hindwing without distinct white median smear. — From the countries 

 around the eastern part of the Black Sea. 



pJiillydes. L. phillydes Stgr. (80 c). Above black brown, the $ similar to that sex of L. eumedon, but the q 



dusted with silvery grey. Beneath the ^ quite light silvery grey, with few and small ocelli on the hind- 

 wing; the $ somewhat darker, with a silvery white median streak on the hindwing. — In Turkestan, 

 mosth' at a considerable height, on steppe-like plateaus, in May and June. 



anieros. L. anteros Frr. (80 c). The ^^ dusted with a very bright metallic blue as far as the narrow black 



margin, with a small but distinct discocellular spot on the forewing. (J resembling astrarclie above, the $ 

 on both sides, but the underside with more prominent and larger spots, the discal row of ocelli on the 

 forewing more curved. Especially on the Balkan Peninsula, in Asia Minor and Syria. European si)ecimens 

 bear often some small red spots on the upperside of the hindwing before the outer margin; this is ab. 



