LYCAENA. By Dr. Seitz. 321 



if3 much larger than European specimens, with a broad block l)ordor which sharply contrasts with the 



hght blue; from Amurland. North China and and Corea. — kazamoto Druce (83 b), from Japan, is above kazamoio. 



uniformly black-brown above in both sexes, without any trace of blue, and the underside has is more 



strongly ocellate. — Egg semiglobular with the top sunk in, greenish white, laid on Sanguisorba (usually 



on the inflorescence). The young larva purplish brown with black head and pale segmental incissions; 



it bores into the heads of the plant and lives later on in the seed-pods ; it hibernates. Pupa on the 



ground, under stones, clods of earth, and the dead leaves of the food-plant. The butterflies are sporadic, 



their localities being widely dispersed. They i]y in damp meadows where Sanguisorba grows, being here 



usually very abundant. They settle almost exclusively on Sanguisorl)a: when disturbed they fly mostly 



only as far as the nearest cluster of that plant, where they settle on a flower with the wings always 



closed, their flight being rather slow and fhipping. In July and August. 



L. areas Bott. (= erebus Knoch) (83 e). cj similar to eufhemns, but the $ quite black-brown above; a/ra.s\ 

 particularly recognizable by the underside being coffee-brown and bearing only one row of ocelli, ab. minor minor. 

 Frey are small specimens from Switzerland. In ab. inocellata Solin the ocelli of the underside are reduced, yfocelktla. 

 in ab. lycaonius Scltultz they are entirely absent. In the ^J-ab. lucida Geest the forewing above has the innda. 

 blue lighter and more extended and the black discal spots reduced or obsolete. Throughout Central Europe, 

 from Alsatia to the Ural, Caucasus and Armenia, and from Pommerania and the Lower Ehine to Italy. — 

 Egg like that of euphemus laid on Sanguisorba. The young larva pale, later on purple-brown and finally 

 probably yellowish-brown, at first at the flowers, later on at the leaves of Sanguisorba. The butterflies 

 have exactly the same habits as euphemua, with which they frequently fly together, in July and Aiigust; 

 they are usually still more plentiful than in ewphemus in the places where they occur (damp meadows). 



L. arion L. (83 c). Larger, above of a hghter and more shining blue, with a row of black spots arion. 

 across both wings, the spots being sometimes obsolete only on the hindwing of the ^. At once recognized 

 by the large nuiliber of ocelli on the underside, especially on the hindwing, and by the bright blue dusting 

 of the base beneath. Europe and Anterior Asia, from North Europe, the Baltic provinces, and England 

 to the Mediterranean (Corsica), and from Spain to Armenia and South Siberia. In ab. unicolor Hormuz. unicolor. 

 the upperside is entirely blue, all the black spots with the exception of the discocellular one being absent. „,^;j„„(j, 

 ab. arthurus Melvill is without ocelli beneath. In ab. jasilkowskii Hornmz. the ocelli are absent henea.th jasilkoivs'kii. 

 in the cell as in ewphemus, from which this aberration is at once distinguished by its blue-green basal 

 scaling on the underside. In ab. coalescens Gilhn the black spots of the upperside are confluent. — coalescens. 

 Quite a number of local forms have been separated Northern specimens, which are feebly spotted, are ^i^^^i^,,^ 

 named alconides by Aurivillius. — obscura Christ. (83 c) is an alpine form in which the whole outer half ohscura. 

 of the wings above is black or dark brown; it occurs typically in the High Alps, being locally very 

 plentiful, e. g. at Bergiin, Zermatt, Stilvio and at many places in the Alpes Maritimes. This darkened 

 form occurs also in the Ural (= ruehli Krulih.) — In the South two aberrant forms have been found, 

 namely ligurica Wagn., at the Eiviera between San Remo and Bordighera, with a conspicuous row of iigurica. 

 white marginal ocelli on the upperside of the hindwing, and aldrovandus S. L., from the Vesuvius, viithaldrovandus. 

 the underside darkened with brown. — cyanecula Stgr. (83 d) is an Asiatic form, from the Caucasus to cyanecula. 

 Mongolia, with tlie metallic blue green dusting of the hindwing beneath being abundant, bright, and 

 extending almost to the distal edge. — Egg very flat semiglobular, pale bluish white, deposited on Thymus 

 which just begins to flower. Larva adult pale ochrcous, with a pale lilac tinge at the sides; head ochreous, 

 marked with black anteriorly; prothoracic plate black; feeds until the autumn on Thyme, then disappears 

 and is found full grown the next June in the nests of ants. It is therefore suggested that the ants feed 

 it up (Frohawk) and perhaps also protect the pupae. The chrysalis the colour of amber except for the 

 wing-cases, smooth, somewhat elongate, without web. The butterflies occur usually singly, being locally 

 frequent on open ground, on broad roads through shrubby woods, flying about 1 m above the ground. 

 They rest with closed wings, particularly on Thymes and Scabious. On the wing from the end of June 

 into August. 



L. arionides Stgr. (83 d). After the next species the largest Blue; hke a gigantic ario7i, but above arionidvs. 

 hghter and more shining blue, the black spots more prominent, very close together, touching each other 

 on the almost quite white, feebly bluish, underside of the disc of the forewing, being separated only by 

 the thin veins. The base beneath with httle blue dusting, which is very light in colour and not metallic. — 

 In Amurland, especially near Wladiwostock and on Askold, in July and August. 



L. atroguttata Obcrih. (83 d, e, form, albida). White above and below, duller at the base, beneath atroguttala. 

 with black round dots, which appear also above. Doherty erects for this species the genus Phengaris, in 

 which the upper discocellular vein of the hindwing is short and elbowed outwards. Almost entirely white 

 specimens like the one figured have been separated by Leech as ab. albida from the rather more bluish albida. 

 grey ones. Both forms fly together at Moupin in West China, but at Chia-ting-fou only the white form 



