76 



LL. LLOYD. 



whicli emerged from the puparia varied very much, the highest being 53, but the 

 usual number appears to be about 25, The insect was taken from September to 

 November. . ' 



Dvptera. 



Two species of Bombyliidae were met with at Chutika and Ngoa respectively. 

 A parasitic larva (fig. 2, a) has also been taken at Kashitu and at Ngoa, which is almost 

 certainly that of a Bombyliid. When the larva has eaten up the entire contents of 

 the puparium, this is left in a very fragile condition and is very readily broken in 

 collecting. This larva is a white stout curved maggot, amphipneustic, and with a 

 very small head. The mandibles resemble a pair of scissors with the points directed 

 downwards, each bearing a tubercle on its outer surface, the edges working together 

 but not crossing (fig. 2, 6). The antennae and palps are small, inconspicuous and 

 nipple-like. This larva has been seen four times at Kashitu and once at Ngoa. 

 Though undamaged, in two cases they did not pupate. One lived for two months, 

 moving slightly occasionally. 



Fig. 2. Early stages of Villa lloijdi, Ausl., 



parasitic on Glossina morsiians ; a, larva ; 



b, front view of head of larva ; c, pupa. 



The pupa (fig. 2, c) has a rounded head armed with three pairs of strongly 

 chitinised tubercles. The first segment of the abdomen bears dorsally a fringe of 

 long stifE hairs directed backwards, these being replaced on the remaining segments 

 by short recurved hooks, with a few hairs. The third pair of legs protrude as stout 

 pegs. The pupa bursts out of the tsetse puparium anteriorly and works its way up 

 to the surface of the ground by means of the long fringe of hairs, which are alternately 

 raised and depressed, the peg-like legs acting as a fulcrum. On the surface it becomes 

 quiescent, elongates, splits along the dorsal surface, and the fly emerges, being ready 

 for flight almost at once. The time from the cessation of movement of the pupa to 

 the flight of the fly occupies only two or three minutes. 



