6 MOLLUSCA. 
Subdivision I. 
* Having a permanent varix on the outer lip, and varices on the spire. 
Genus 11.—Murex.—Linneus. 
Shell ovate or oblong, with a canaliculated base ; furnished with 
rough, spinous, or tuberculated varices, in each volution of the 
spire, the lower ones uniting with those above, forming continuous 
rows; aperture with a corneous operculum. 
1. M. erinaceus, pl. VI, f. 5-6.—First Ed., pl. 47, f. 5-6; Montagu, p. 259; 
Lamarck, VII, p. 172, No. 48; Donovan, I, pl. 35. 
Shell strong, rough, angulated, whitish or brown; spire considerably produced, 
and terminating ina fine point; with seven or eight rugose volutions, each provided with 
six or seven rugged, prominent, longitudinal ribs, crossed by strong, spiral, elevated 
stria ; the whole shell covered with small, concave, imbricated, arcucted scales, very 
conspicuous on the body ; aperture oval; canal tubular, nearly closed in front ; outer 
lip thickened by a rib; inner margin dentated ; pillar lip smooth, glossy ; white. 
Length an inch and three quarters ; width nearly an inch. 
In young specimens the canal is open in front, and the entire shell beset with elevated 
points, which, when worn, produce a cancellated appearance, in which condition it 
is frequently mistaken for a distinct species. This state is represented pl. 5, f. 60. 
This species inhabits deep water, but is found on many of our shores, as in Devon- 
shire, Dorsetshire, the coasts of Wales, and Frith of Forth. Common at Portmar- 
nock, Ireland, and sparingly in Dublin Bay. 
2. M. muricatus, pl. V, f. 28.—First Ed., pl. 48, f. 28; Montagu, p. 262, pl. 
9, f. 2; Maton and Racket, Linn. Trans., VIII, p. 149. 
Shell strong, rough, with six or seven ventricose, deeply divided, tubereulated 
volutions ; spire tapering to a fine smooth point ; tubercules formed by interrupted, 
longitudinal ribs, which are crossed by strong, elevated stri#; some parts exhibiting 
a pointed or angulated appearance ; aperture oval, terminating in a long, straight, 
slender canal; outer lip sharp, and dentated at the edge; margin crenulated within ; 
pillar lip smooth ; covered by an orange-red epidermis, beneath which it is white, 
tinged with flesh-colour. Length half an inch; breadth a quarter Obtained by 
dredging in Saleomb Bay. 
Genus 12.—Fusus.—Lamarck. 
Shell fusiform or sub-fusiform, with a canal at the base ; middle 
or lower part ventricose, without varices ; spire produced ; margin 
of the outer lip without a notch; columella smooth ; aperture pro- 
duced, with a horny operculum. 
1. F. lineatus, pl. V, f. 1-2.— First Ed., pl. 48, f. 1-2; Murex lineatus ; 
Leach’s MS. 
Shell ucute; volutions six, turreted, terminating in a rather obtuse apex, with 
about thirteen longitudinal, glossy ribs; aperture ovate, somewhat compressed, and 
pointed both above and below; base of pillar lip spirally striated; outer lip rather 
strong, and flattened in front, with a rib near its margin behind ; colour of a deep 
reddish fawn, with transverse, waved, equidistant lines, of dark reddish brown. 
Length about a quarter of an inch; breadth a sixteenth. Found on the coast of 
Ireland by Dr Drummond of Belfast, and in Dr Leach’s collection, British Museum. 
2. F. fuscus, pl. V, f. 3-4.—First Ed., pl. 48, f. 3-4. 
Shell acute; six well-defined volutions, turreted, with about thirteen or fourteen 
longitudinal ribs, extending from the base to the fourth volution, the fifth and sixth 
being destitute of ribs; the interstices between the ribs transversely striated; spire 
not so Jong as the body; aperture ovate, pointed at each end; outer lip rather thin, 
with a rib behind; base of the columella sub-umbilicated ; the whole shell of a fuscous 
brown, and glossy. We found this species at Killinchy, Lough Strangford, county 
of Down, Ireland. 
3. F. Cranchii, pl. V, f. 5.—First Ed., pl. 48, f. 5; Murex Cranchii ; Leach’s 
Ms. 
Shell dull brownish purple, with about eleven somewhat oblique elevated ribs; 
striated transversely, slightly striate longitudinally ; aperture oblong ; outer lip thick- 
ened; inner lip slightly reflected on the columella; lower part of body and outer lip 
ferruginous; inside deep purple, as well as the columella. Length three-eighths 
ofan inch. Found on the Devonshire coast by Mr Cranch. It is in the British 
Museum. 
4, F, discors, pl. V, f. 6-7.—First Ed., pl. 48, f. 6-7. 
Shell acute, consisting of six volutions, the spire somewhat more than a third the 
length of the shell; the volutions well divided; fifteen elevated, rather close set, 
longitudinal ribs invest the shell from its base to the apex; the interstices finely 
striated transversely, which traverse the ribs towards the base; considerably acu- 
minate ; aperture oblong-ovate, pointed at both extremities ; colour dak chocolate 
brown. Length about three-eighths of an inch. We discovered this shell on Porto- 
bello Sands. In Lady Jardine’s Cabinet. 
This shell may at once be distinguished from 7. fuscus by the volutions of the spire 
being more turreted, and the base more acuminate. 
[ TrRacHELIPoDa. 
5. F. discrepans, pl. V, f. 49-50.—First Ed., pl. 48, f. 49-50. 
Shell acute, with six dark chestnut coloured, glossy volutions; the body and two 
lower volutions having eleven longitudinal strong ribs, becoming obsolete towards 
the base, which is acuminate ; three superior volutions of the spire divested of ribs, 
smooth and somewhat obtuse at the tip; interstices between the ribs smooth ; aper- 
ture oblong; outer lip somewhat thickened; columella smooth. Length about 
three-eighths of an inch. Found at Dunbar by General Bingham. 
In its general form this shell nearly resembles F. discors, but differs from it in 
being broader in proportion to its length, in having fewer ribs, and no intermediate striw. 
6. F. castaneus, pl. V, f. 43-44.—First Ed., pl. 48, f. 43.44. 
Shell acute, with five volutions, the bodv and two of which are provided with 
thirteen longitudinal strong smooth ribs, which become obsolete towards the base, 
spire occupying about a third the length of the shell; upper volutions smooth, and 
somewhat obtuse at the tip; the interstices between the coste transversely striate, 
which run across the lower portion of the ribs, where the shell becomes acuminate ; 
aperture oblong-ovate, considerably wider above than below ; outer lip thin ; columella 
smooth; colour reddish chestnut and glossy. Length three-eighths of an inch. Found 
at Dunbar by General Bingham. 
The form of this and the last described species are nearly alike, and may be 
easily confounded ; but attention to its having two more ribs, fewer volutions, and 
the striate interstices, will at once distinguish it from F. diserepans. 
7. F. minimus, pl. V, f. 35-36.—First Ed, pl. 48, f. 35-36. 
Shell acute; six or seven tapering volutions, well divided by the suture, with 
eleven nearly straight, longitudinal ribs. all of which, as well as the interstices, are 
covered with distant, somewhat imbricated strie; ovate-oblong; rather expanded ; 
outer lip a little thickened ; pillar lip smooth ; colour pale chestnut. 
8. F. costatus, pl. V, f. 45-46.—First Ed., pl. 48, f. 45-46 ; Murex costatus ; 
Montagu, p. 265; Maton and Racket, Linn. Trans., VIII, p. 144. 
Shell taper ; six volutions, provided with eight or nine elevated ribs extending 
beyond the suture above ; glossy and destitute of striw ; two upper volutions without 
ribs; aperture obovate; outer lip a little thickened by a rib at the back; colour va- 
rious; deep purplish brown, or chocolate brown; yellowish white, with spiral streaks 
of reddish brown. . Length three-tenths of an inch; breadth one-eighth. Corn- 
wall, Devonshire, South Wales, Dublin Bay, and Portmarnock, Ireland. 
9. F. fasciatus, pl. V, f. 41-42.—First Ed., pl. 48, f. 41-42. 
Shell taper, eight somewhat turreted volutions, with fifteen longitudinal, nearly 
straight smooth ribs, with the interstices finely striated transversely ; base of body 
somewhat acuminate ; aperture ovate-oblong; pale yellowish brown, with a narrow 
transverse band of reddish brown across the body. Length about three-cighths of 
an inch. Discovered at Dunbar by General Bingham. 
10. F. linearis, pl. V, f. 54.—First Ed., pl. 48, f. 54; Montagu, p. 261, pl. 9, 
f. 4. 
Shell rugose, of a light brown; volutions seven or eight, rounded, with nine or 
ten strong ribs, longitudinally crossed by elevated striw, the summits of which are 
purplish brown; and also by fine spiral thread-like lines, throughout the whole 
shell; these are, however, sometimes interrupted, and in some specimens the ribs are 
entirely devoid of them; apex tapering to a fine point, where it is generally darkest ; 
aperture oval, narrowed beneath; outer lip thickened at the back by a rib, crenu- 
lated at the edge, and slightly so interiorly; pillardip smooth. Length more than a 
quarter of an inch, breadth one-eighth. Found at Salcomb, Falmouth, and at 
Dunbar. 
11. F. multilinearis, pl. V, f. 22-23.—F. linearis.—First Ed., pl. 48, f. 22-23- 
Shell fusiform, spire very acute, seven deeply divided, somewhat ventricose volu- 
tions, with fourteen smooth, prominent, longitudinal ribs, which are continued to the 
base, their upper ends projecting beyond the suture in each volution; body much 
acuminated below; aperture oblung, nearly radiform, greatly contracted both above 
and below; outer lip thickened by a rib behind, and slightly dentated within; ribs 
extending over the columella; whole shell smooth and shining, and with numerous 
reddish-brown, transverse lines, occupying the interstices betweem the ribs, which 
may be mistaken for stri#, unless examined with a strong lens; colour pale chestnut ; 
when viewed from behind, the spire and body are nearly of equal length. Length 
three-eighths of an inch, breadth one-eighth. Found at Dunbar, and in our First 
Edition, mistaken for the smooth ribbed variety of F. linearis; but they differ 
materially in form, the latter being less fusiform, and much broader in proportion to 
its length, and being strongly striate, as well as lineated, while the #. multilinearis 
is totally devoid of striw. 
We are inclined to think that this is the shell which Montagu treats as a varicty 
of F. linearis, when he says the linesare ‘* sometimes interrupted.” We have little 
doubt, but that in many cabinets, F. fuscus, discrepans, discors, minimus, castaneus, 
albus, and rufus, are associated as so many varieties of F*. costatus. We have found 
this to be the case in the examination of different cabinets. , 
12. F. pyramidatus, pl. V, f. 19 20.—First Ed., pl. 48, f. 19-20. 
Shell fusiform, subturreted, spire very long, nearly the length of the body, taper- 
ing abruptly, consisting of seven volutions; bedy and four lower volutions of the 
spire with eleven waved, longitudinal, smooth ribs; the interstices finely striate 
transversely ; three upper volutions of the spire smooth; aperture elongated ; outer 
lip somewhat thickened above, and thin towards the base ; pillar lip reflected in the 
columella; base of beak with strong, circular striz. Length three-eighths of an 
ee 
