14 MOLLUSCA. 
Genus XVIII.—Pyramis.—Brown. 
Shell generally subulate, gradually tapering to a point; body 
usually short, and the spire long; volutions but slightly divided by 
the suture, and seldom inflated; aperture mostly oblong-ovate, 
placed nearly perpendicular, with its upper angle contracted for the 
most part; outer lip rarely continuous. 
1. P. subulatus, pl. 1X, f. 64, 65.—First Ed., pl. 50, f. 64, 65; Turbo 
subulatus, Donovan, pl. 172; Helix subulata, Maton and Racket, Linn. 
Trans., VIII, p. 210; Montagu, Sup. p. 142; Phasianella.subulata, Flem- 
ing, Brit. An., p. 301. 
Shell strong, subulate, very smooth and glossy ; consisting of ten per- 
fectly flat volutions, separated by a fine suture, and tapering to a sharp- 
pointed.apex ; aperture oblong-ovate, contracted above ; outer lip rather 
thick; pillar lip slightly reflected on the columella; colour cream-white 
or flesh-colour, with a double spiral band of burnt-sienna colour, which 
becomes obsolete towards the apex. Length of the largest sized speci- 
mens nearly three quarters of an inch; breadth not a third its length. 
Found at Weymouth, and in the Frith of Forth. Very rare. 
Donovan's figure has six bands on the body, but we have never met 
with any specimens containing more than two. 
2. P. politus, pl. IX, f. 59, 60.—First Ed., pl. 50, f. 59, 60; Helix 
polita, Montagu, p. 398; Maton and Racket, Linn. Trans., VIII, p. 210; 
Turbo albus, Donovan, pl. 177; Phasianella polita, Fleming, Brit. An., 
», B01. 
Shell subulate, strong, white, extremely glossy, and quite smooth; 
with from nine to thirteen flat volutions, and hardly defined by the suture, 
which is very indistinct in this species; volutions gradually tapering to a 
sharp point; spire very long; body short; aperture oval, slightly con- 
tracted above; outer lip thick, but not marginated or reflexed ; pillar lip 
slightly replicated. Length five-eighths of an inch. Found at Exmouth, 
Devonshire ; Weymouth, Dorsetshire; South Wales; the Frith of Forth; 
and Bantry Bay, Ireland. We procured a fine specimen from the stomach 
of a haddock, which was taken in the Frith of Forth. 
3. P. elegantissimus, pl. IX, f. 61.—First Ed., pl. 50, f. 61; Helix 
elegantissima, Montagu, p. 298, pl. 10, f. 2; Maton and Racket, Linn. 
Trans., VIII, p. 209; Walker, f. 39; Twurritella subulata, Fleming, Brit. 
An., p- 303. 
Shell subulate, glossy, semi-pellucid, white; with from nine to thirteen 
flat volutions, well defined by the suture; body very short; spire long, 
taper, and terminating in an acute apex; the whole shell covered with 
regular, somewhat oblique, strong longitudinal ribs, which are hardly in- 
terrupted by the line of the suture; the sulci are moderately deep, but 
not so broad as the elevated ridges; aperture suborbicular, somewhat 
anculated both above and below; outer lip strong; pillar lip slightly re- 
flected on the columella. Length a quarter of an inch; breadth not a 
fourth of its length. Found at Sandwich, Falmouth, Salcomb Bay, IIfra- 
comb, Devonshire, and Portmarnock, Ireland. 
4. P. crenatus, pl. IX, f. 53.—First Ed., pl, 50, f. 53. 
Shell subulate, white, pellucid, with ten volutions, well separated by 
the line of the suture; body very short, spire very long, and tapering to 
an acute point; the whole shell covered with strong, longitudinal, straight 
ribs, which are crossed by extremely minute transverse strie#; aperture 
suborbicular; outer lip strong; pillar lip slightly reflected on the colu- 
mella. Length a quarter of an inch; breadth about a fourth of its length. 
Found at Belton Sands, near Dunbar, by General Bingham, and in his 
Cabinet. 
This species may easily be mistaken for Pyramis elegantissimus, but 
differs in the ribs being quite straight, and in being transversely striate. 
5. P. subarcuatus, pl. UX, f. 62.—First Ed., pl. 50, f. 62; Turbo subar- 
cuatus, Adams, Linn. Trans., III, p. 66, pl. 13, f. 27, 28; Maton and 
Racket, Linn. Trans., VIII, p. 185; Montagu, p. 333. 
“« Shell pellucid, white, and a little curved towards the tip, with ten 
longitudinally ribbed volutions ; colour white."—Adams. Probably only 
a distorted variety of P. elegantissimus. Found on the coast of Pem- 
brokeshire. 
6. P. unicus, pl. IX, f..46.—First Ed., pl. 50, f. 46 and 48; Turbo 
unicus, Maton and Racket, Linn. Trans., VIII, p. 174; Montagu, p. 
299, pl. 12, f. 2; Turbo aldidus, Adams, Micros., pl. 14, f.17; Zurri- 
tella unica, Fleming, Brit. An., p. 303. 
Shell subulate, with nine slender, glossy, pellucid, white, well-rounded 
[ TrRacuEtipopa, 
volutions ; body very short, spire very long, terminating in a fine point; 
the whole shell invested with fine longitudinal, somewhat undulating 
ridges, and the intermediate spaces covered with extremely fine transverse 
striee, which can only be seen by the aid of a strong lens; aperture subor- 
bicular, inclining to oval. Length two-tenths of an inch; breadth about 
a fourth its length. Found on the Devonshire and Welsh coasts ; and at 
Dunbar, by General Bingham. 
7. P. indistinctus, pl. 1X, f. 47.—First Ed., pl. 50, f- 47; Montagu, 
Sup. p. 129; Turritella indistincta, Fleming, Brit. An., p. 304. 
Shell subcylindrical, glossy, white; with six nearly flat volutions, ter- 
minating in a somewhat obtuse apex, but well-defined by the line of the 
suture; the whole shell is very finely ribbed longitudinally, and slightly 
and indistinctly punctured in the furrows, which can only be seen by the 
aid of a powerful lens, through which it appears cancellated; these trans- 
verse striz are confined to the sulci, and do not cross the ribs; aperture 
subovate ; outer lip thin, expanded; pillar lip a little spread on the co- 
lumella. Length an eighth of an inch; breadth one-third its length. 
Found at Sandwich, and at Belton Sands, near Dunbar, by General 
Bingham. ; 
8. P. subtruncatus, pl. 1X, f. 49, 50.—First Ed., pl. 50, f. 49, 50; 
Turbo subtruncatus, Montagu, p. 300, pl. 10, f. 1; Twurritella subtrun- 
cata, Fleming, Brit. An., p. 303. 
Shell subcylindrical, with six or seven rounded, smooth, pellucid, yel- 
lowish-white volutions; slightly tapering, and terminating in an obtuse 
apex, with strong longitudinal strie; aperture suborbicular, somewhat 
inelining to oval. Length three-tenths of an inch; breadth not half its 
length. Found on the Southampton coast, at Saleomb Bay, and at Belton 
Sands, near Dunbar, by General Bingham. 
Colonel Montagu had described this species from worn specimens, as 
ours are all distinctly striate. 
9. P. nivosus, pl. IX, f. 25, 26.—First Ed., pl. 50, f. 25, 26; Turbo 
nivosus, Montagu, p. 326; Maton and Racket, Linn. Trans., VIII, p. 163; 
Turbo nivosus, Fleming, Brit. An., p. 300. 
Shell subcylindrical, smooth, white, pellucid, with five slightly pro- 
duced volutions, but well separated by the raised, thread-like, spiral line of 
the suture, terminating in an obtuse apex; body somewhat longer than 
the spire, the base furnished with a series of spiral striae, which reach to 
the upper margin of the outer lip in front ; aperture suborbicular, much 
turned to one side; outer lip smooth, a little thickened, continuous; 
pillar lip considerably reflected on the columella, with a slight subumbili- 
cus behind. Length not quite an eighth of an inch; breadth not half its 
length. Found on the south coast of Devon, very rare, and at Belton 
Sands, near Dunbar. 
This species has much the appearance of Jaminea interstincta, but is 
destitute of both the tooth and ribs. 
Colonel Montagu has overlooked the transverse strie at the base of 
the shell. 
10. P. candidus, pl. IX, f. 31.—First Ed., pl. 50, f. 31. 
Shell semicylindrical, rather strong, blueish-white, and glossy ; consist- 
ing of five volutions, slightly separated by the line of the suture, and ter- 
minating in a rather obtuse apex; body somewhat longer than the spire ; 
the whole shell covered with very fine spiral strie; aperture subovate; 
flattened at the base of the columella; outer lip smooth, somewhat thick- 
ened; pillar lip very slightly reflected on the columella. Length a little 
more than an eighth of an inch; breadth not half its length. Found at 
Belton Sands, near Dunbar, by General Bingham. 
11. P. discors, pl. IX, f. 32.—First Ed., pl. 50, f. 32. 
Shell subcylindrical, strong, snow-white, and glossy; five rather pro- 
duced, slightly-divided volutions, and terminating in a rather obtuse apex; 
body and two lower volutions of the spire covered with close, regular, 
spiral strie; these are all crossed at top by numerous, short, longitudinal 
furrows; aperture semiovate, a little contracted at its upper angle, and 
slightly flattened on the pillar side; outer lip smooth, somewhat thickened; 
pillar lip slightly reflected on the columella. Length an eighth of an inch; 
breadth not half its length. Found at Belton Sands, near Dunbar, by 
General Bingham. 
This species is nearly allied to P. candidus, but it is broader in propor- 
tion to its length, the striae are wider, the spire shorter, the aperture 
longer and different in shape, and the furrows at the upper margin of the 
three lower volutions, all distinguish it from that shell. 
12. P. levis, pl. IX, f. 51-52.—First Ed., pl. 50, f. 51-52. 
Shell subulate, snow-white, shining, consisting of eight greatly pro- 
