ASHMEyVD : CLASSIFICATION OF THE CHALCIl) FLIES 233 



The males in this subfamily are easily distinguished from those in the next by 

 the shape of the abdomen, which is always long and tubular, narrowed toward apex 

 and never broadened at apex as in the Si/cophagimv. It is also more flexible and is 

 usually curved or bent forward under the thorax. 



The females are more difficult to separate and, althtnigh with practice one can 

 detect a difference in cephalic characters, almost impossible to define, the only reli- 

 able character to separate them from those in the other subfamily is tlie mandibular 

 appendage, which is usually finely serrate. In tlie ^ijcophaijiinv the mandibles are 

 always without an appendage. 



The known genera falling in this group may be easily recognized by the us(; of 

 the following table : 



TABLE OF OENEKA. 



1. Females, always winged 2 



Males, always apterous 10 



2. AnteniiiB with the third or fourth joint with a ilistinct process 3 



AntennsB without a joint with a distinct proces 9 



3. Front wings with the marginal, stigmal and postmarginal veins fully deveU)pcd, or at the most with 



the postmarginal vein absent 4 



Front wings without marginal, stigmal and postmarginal veins. 



Head oblong, about li times as long as wide ; antennse 11-jointed, thickened toward ape.x. 



Eupristina Saunders (type E. masonii Saund.). 



4 Postmarginal vein present 5 



Postmarginal vein absent 7 



5. Antennae 11 or 12-jointed 6 



AntennfB 10-jointed, the last five joints enlarged Kradibia Saunders (type A', coiraitii Saunders). 



6. Head not very long, quadrate or nearly so 8 



Head oblong, or very long, from 2* to 3 times as long as wide, tlie facial channel narrow ; mandibles at 



apex bidentate ; antennjE 11-jointed Pleistodontes Saunders (type P. imperialis Saunders). 



7. Head quadrate or nearly, only a little narrower in front than behind ; stigmal vein usually a little 



longer than the marginal Eisenia Ashmead gen. nov. (type E. mexicana Ashm.). 



8. Seventh abdominal segment on each side with a .small rounded or at most oval spiracular fovea. 



Blastophagus Gravenhorst (type Cynipa pscnes Linn^). 

 Seventh abdominal segment on each side witli an itoiniule, disk-sliaped, spiracular fovea. 



Ceratosolens Mayr (type C. appendiculalus Mayr). 



9. Front wings with the marginal, stigmal and postmarginal veins wanting ; head trapezoidal, a little 



longer than wide ; antennae 11-jointed, not thickened towards apex, the joints smooth ; middle legs 



very minute or subobsolete Tetrapus Mayr (type T. americanus Mayr). 



Front wings with the marginal, stigmal and po.stmarginal veins present ; head oblong, 24 times as 

 long as wide; antennje (?) 12-jointed, the scape large, triangularly dilated, the funicle slender, 

 filiform, the club abruptly enlarged, 3-jointed ; mandibles 3-dentate ; thorax bidentate at each side. 



Agaon Dalman (type A. paradoxum Dalm.). 

 10. Head anteriorly ivith a large, deep, triangular fovea. 



Ba.sal part of antennse enclosed in a canal 11 



Basal part of antenna; 7iot enclosed in a canal 12 



